绵阳某河流生活污水区土壤中重金属污染及其生态风险评价  

Evaluation of heavy metal contamination and its potential ecological risk to the soil in a river sewage district of mianyang

作　　者：罗娅君[1] 边清泉[1] 李媛[1] 王照丽 窦丽花[1] 王建家[1] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院化学与化学工程学院,四川绵阳621000 [2]成都市环境保护研究院,四川成都610015

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2016年第6期783-788,共6页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：四川省教育厅自然科学基金重点项目(12ZA079)资助

摘　　要：本文研究了绵阳某河流生活污水区土壤的5种重金属污染状况,并采用单项污染指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对土壤重金属的污染进行了分析和评价。结果表明,研究区周围土壤中Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn和Hg含量的平均值分别为38.6、58.00、78.06、149.5和1.28 mg·kg^(-1),所有元素累积超标率都为100%。土壤中各元素含量分布变化幅度较小。单项污染指数表明研究区5种重金属元素都存在一定程度的污染,污染程度顺序为:Hg(2.67)>Cu(2.56)>Zn(2.01)>Pb(1.48)>Cr(1.28)。Pb和Cr处于轻度污染水平,Cu、Zn和Hg已处于中度污染水平。5种重金属的综合污染指数P综合=2.41,总体上该区域土壤已达到中度污染等级。5种重金属污染的潜在生态危害由强至弱依次为:Hg>Cu>Pb>Cr>Zn,除Hg处于强风险等级外,其余Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn 4种元素均处于低风险等级,研究区域的潜在生态风险主要由Hg引起。潜在生态风险指数RI为131.57,总体处于低风险等级。5 heavy metals pollution of the soil in a river Sewage District of mianyang were studied,and the pollution of soil heavy metals were analyzed and evaluated by single pollution index,the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and Hakanson potential ecological risk. The results indicated that,the average contents of Pb,Cu,Cr,Zn and Hg was 38. 6,58. 00,78. 06,149. 5 and1. 28mg·kg^-1respectively in the studied area,the contents of every metal has relatively smooth change.The accumulative over standard rate of 5 heavy metals were 100%. The single pollution index showed that,5 heavy metals had certain degree of pollution in the studied area,their pollution degree was in the order of Hg（ 2. 67） 〉Cu（ 2. 56）〉 Zn（ 2. 01）〉 Pb（ 1. 48） 〉Cr（ 1. 28）,which means that Pb and Cr were in a slight pollution levels,Cu、Zn and Hg were in the moderate pollution level. The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of 5 heavy metals was 2. 41,which indicated that the 100%soil in the study area was under the moderate pollution.Likewise,the potential ecological risk was characterized by the order of Hg〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr〉Zn.In addition to Hg in the strong risk level,the rest of the Pb,Cu,Cr and Zn were at low risk level,the potential ecological risk in the study area is mainly caused by Hg.The potential ecological risk indexes（ RI） of 5 heavy metals was 131. 57,and posed low potential ecological risks for the study soil.

关 键 词：生活污水区土壤 重金属 污染评价 单项污染指数 综合污染指数 潜在生态危害指数 

分 类 号：O653[理学—分析化学]