马尾松二代种子园无性系开花物候观测  

The Analysis of Flowering Phenology of Clones in Guiyang Pinus massoniana Second-generation Seed Orchard

作　　者：唐效蓉[1] 李宇珂 夏合新[1] 曾令文 伍新云 张翼[1] 王晓锋 唐黎 周国瑾 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]北京漫天下风采传媒文化有限公司,北京100029 [3]城步苗族自治县云马国有林场,湖南城步422500 [4]桂阳县林业局,湖南桂阳4244002 [5]句容市林业科技推广中心,江苏句容212400

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2016年第3期436-441,共6页Forest Research

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题"南方针叶树种高世代育种技术研究与示范"(2012BAD01B02);国家林木种质资源平台(2013DKA210003-02-13)

摘　　要：[目的]在用材林高世代种子园建园材料选择时,最初重点考虑的是其速生性,而对优树的开花物候关注较少。在高世代种子园营建时,无性系的配置常根据其种源在大范围内考虑其开花物候的遗传因素,但即使是小范围内相同种源的无性系,其开花物候也不可能绝对同步。因此,了解种子园无性系的开花物候,可为种子园的集约经营、产量预测、种子遗传品质调控等提供依据。[方法]于2012—2013年,在桂阳县苗圃马尾松二代种子园Ⅰ大区、Ⅴ大区分别随机选取不同类型的无性系10个和25个,对其开花物候进行观测。[结果]表明:不同无性系的雌、雄球花花期起止日期和持续时间均有差异,但无性系间雌、雄球花花期值差异均未达显著水平,35个无性系总体雌、雄球花花期具有一定的同步性;35个无性系雌、雄球花的初花期基本同步,雌、雄球花的盛花期和末花期同步。株间花期差异相对于无性间要大,但雄球花花期较早的植株,其雌球花花期也较早,同一株建园亲本的雌、雄球花花期有一定的同步性。除雌球花的末花期与雄球花的初花期呈微弱负相关外,雌、雄球花的初花期、盛花期、末花期间均呈极显著或显著正相关。各花期的相关性呈现初花期和盛花期的相关>盛花期和末花期的相关>初花期和末花期的相关,雌球花初花期与雄球花初花期的相关系数最大。坡位对母树的花期有极显著影响,生长在不同坡位的植株,其雌、雄球花花期值差异明显,其大小均为上坡<中坡<下坡。坡位对花期影响最大的是雌球花的初花期,其次是雄球花的初花期、雌球花的盛花期、雄球花的盛花期,而对雌、雄球花的末花期影响最小。偏北产地无性系的花期相对较早,不同的无性系类型,其雄球花的盛花期和雌球花的初花期的差异显著;雄球花的初花期、末花期以及雌球花的盛花期和末花期[Objective]When selecting the materials of establishing timber forest advanced-generation seed or-chard,The initial focus was on timber’s fast-growth,rather than the flowering phenology of superior tree.During the establishment of the advanced-generation orchard,the clone arrangements are usually based on the flowering phenology genetic factors of its provenance in a large scale.Even clones of same provenance on a small scale,the flowering phenology can not be absolutely synchronized,rather than that in large-scale.Therefore,understanding the flowering phenology of clonal seed orchard can provide some evidences for intensive cultivation,yield predic-tion,seed genetic quality regulation of the seed orchard.[Methods]Ten clones of Pinus massoniana were ran-domly selected from Region I and twenty five clones randomly from Region V with different type in Guiyang Pinus Massoniana Second-Generation Seed Orchard from 20 1 2 to 20 1 3 ,then observed their flowering phenology.[Re-sult]The results showed that there were differences in commencement and ending dates and durations among dif-ferent clones of female and male flowering phase,but a certain synchronicity in whole flowering phase between fe-male and male of 35 clones,and also in sync roughly in their initial flowering stage,and total synchronization oc-curred in their full-bloom stage and last flowering stage.The difference in flowering phase among individuals was larger than that among clones.While the individuals who had an earlier male flowering period appeared to have al-so an earlier female flowering period.There were certain synchronicity between male and female from the same strain of parents in generation orchard.In addition to a weak negative correlation between the late flowering stage of female cones and the initial flowering stage of male cones,there were highly significant or significantly positive correlations between male and female of their initial flowering stage and full-bloom stage and last flowering stage. The extent of correlations decreased i

关 键 词：马尾松 二代种子园 无性系 开花物候 雌球花 雄球花 初花期 盛花期 末花期 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]