气制油合成基钻井液关键处理剂研制与应用  

Study and Application of Additives for Synthetic Fluids with GTL as the Base Fluid

作　　者：王茂功 徐显广 孙金声 王立辉 杨海军 王宝成 

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院,北京102206 [2]中国石油玉门油田公司钻采工程研究院,甘肃玉门735200

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2016年第3期30-34,40,共6页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

基　　金：国家863项目"海上大位移井钻井液关键技术研究"(2012AA091502);国家重大专项课题"复杂地质条件下深井钻井液与高温高压固井技术研究项目"(2011ZX05021-004)资助

摘　　要：为提升气制油合成基钻井液高温流变稳定性和降滤失性能,研制了在气制油中具有良好凝胶性能的有机土和天然腐植酸改性的环保型降滤失剂,并使用前期研制的主辅乳化剂,形成了气制油合成基钻井液体系。性能评价结果表明：利用双十六烷基二甲基氯化铵和具有功能化极性基团的高分子对提纯钠基膨润土进行复合插层制得了有机土DR-GEL,该有机土在气制油中凝胶性强（胶体率达98%）、黏度、切力大（切力达3 Pa）,高温性能稳定、抗温达220℃。利用二乙烯三胺和双十六烷基二甲基氯化铵对提纯黑腐植酸进行有机化改性反应制得了降滤失剂DR-FLCA,该降滤失剂具有高温高压滤失量低、辅助乳化和改善流变性等性能,抗温达230℃。利用研制的处理剂配制的密度为1.6～2.3 g/cm3的气制油合成基钻井液体系,在温度120～200℃范围内流变性好（表观黏度27～61 m Pa s,动切力6～9 Pa）,电稳定性强（破乳电压在800 V以上）,高温高压滤失量小于2.5 m L。该套气制油合成基钻井液体系,在印尼苏门答腊岛JABUNG区块NEB Basement-1井成功地进行了应用,在高温（井底温度大于180℃）下40 d的使用过程中性能一直稳定,较好地解决了大斜度定向井钻井液悬浮性与携屑能力差等难题。To improve the high temperature rheology and filtration property of the synthetic base drilling fluid using gas-to-liquid （GTL） on as the base fluid, an organophilic clay having superior gel properties and an environmentally friendly filter loss reducer made from natural humic acid, have been developed. A GTL base drilling fluid was formulated with the organophilic clay, the modified humic acid, a primary emulsifier and secondary emulsifier previously developed. The organophilic clay, DR-GEL, was made by intercalating dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride into the crystal layers of a purified sodium montmorillonite, and had good gel pcrformance in GTL （percentage of colloid particles to 98%）, high viscosity and gel strength （3 Pa）, and good high temperature stability （it functioned at 220 ℃）in laboratory experiments. The filter loss reducer, DR-FCLA, was made by modification of purified humic acid with dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and diethylene triamine. DR-FCLA greatly reduced the HTHP filter loss, helped make the drilling fluid cmulsified better and improved the theology of drilling fluid. It functioned at high temperatures up to 230℃. The synthetic drilling fluid made with these additives had densities ranging in 1.6-2.3 g/cm3, good rheology （At：= 27-61 mPa · s. YP = 6-9 Pa） at temperatures ranging in 120-200℃, high electrical stability （ES 〉 800 V）, and HTHP filter loss〈2.5 mL. This synthetic drilling fluid has been successfully used in Sumatra, Indonesia to drill the well NEB Basement-t in Block Jabung. The properties of the drilling fluid remained stable for 40 days at bottom hole temperatures higher than 180 ℃. Difficulties in maintaining the suspension and cuttings carrying capacity of drilling fluid have been solved since then.

关 键 词：合成基钻井液 气制油 有机土 降滤失剂 抗高温 印尼苏门答腊岛JABUNG区块 

分 类 号：TE254.3[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]