兴安落叶松叶碳利用效率对环境变化的适应  

Adaptation of leaf carbon use efficiency of Larix gmelinii to environmental change

作　　者：全先奎[1] 王传宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生态研究中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第11期3381-3390,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD37B01);教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R09);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(DL10BA19)

摘　　要：兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)作为北方森林的主要组成树种,具有广阔的分布范围和多样的生长环境,是研究树木对环境变化响应的理想树种。叶碳利用效率(CUE_L)不仅与树木的碳代谢及生长发育密切相关,而且能反映树木对环境变化的响应与适应。将来自不同地区(即环境条件)的6个兴安落叶松种源的种子播种培育在帽儿山森林生态系统研究站内,在其生长30a后采用研究站和种子来源地间干燥度(AI)的差值(ΔAI)来代表环境变化梯度,研究环境变化对CUE_L的影响。结果表明:CUE_L在不同环境变化梯度间存在显著差异(P<0.05),且呈现随ΔAI的增大而减小的趋势。CUE_L与叶片氮含量、叶片磷含量、比叶重及叶绿素含量等均呈线性正相关关系,但较大ΔAI梯度下的CUE_L敏感性更高。CUE_L与种子来源地平均年降水量呈显著线性正相关关系(P=0.05),而与种子来源地AI则呈显著线性负相关关系(P<0.01);随种子来源地年平均气温、平均年蒸发量的增加而下降,但其相关性不显著。以上结果表明,环境变化使兴安落叶松CUE_L产生了适应性变异,表现出树木对原生长环境的生态适应。Dahurian Larch（Larix gmelinii） is a dominant tree species in Eurasian boreal forests,and has a broad biogeographical range under divergent habitats.This makes this tree species ideal for investigating tree adaptation to environmental change.Leaf carbon use efficiency（CUE_L ） is closely associated with tree carbon metabolism,and tree growth and development.Furthermore,CUELis sensitive to environmental change.In this study,we measured the CUE_L of30-year-old Dahurian larch trees from six provenances in a common garden at the Maoershan Forest Ecosystem Research Station（45°20’N,127°30’E） in Northeast China for three years（2009—2011）.The six provenances were located across the natural distribution range of the larch,spanning approximately 4° in latitude（48—52° N）,5℃ in mean annual temperature（-2.3—2.6℃）,and 200 mm in mean annual precipitation（425—622mm）.The differences in aridity index（ΔAI,AI = mean annual evaporation/mean annual precipitation） between the current sites and original locations of the seed sources were used as indices for environmental change gradients（i.e.,six provenances were represented as six gradients of environmental change）.Our goal was to explore the impacts of environmental changes on larch CUE_L and the factors influencing the impacts.We found that CUE_L decreased significantly with increasing ΔAI（P〈0.05）.The CUE_L was correlated positively with leaf nitrogen concentration,leaf phosphorus concentration,leaf mass per area,and leaf chlorophyll concentration,but the trees with higher ΔAI values had greater slopes of these relationships.Furthermore,the CUELwas correlated positively with the mean annual precipitation of the seed source original locations（P = 0.05）,butnegatively with the AI of these locations（P 〈 0.01）.The CUE_L also tended to increase with increasing mean annual temperature and mean annual evaporation of the seed source original locations,but these relationships were not significant（P〉0.05）.Our results

关 键 词：兴安落叶松 光合 碳利用效率 遗传适应 帽儿山生态站 同质种植园试验 

分 类 号：S791.222[农业科学—林木遗传育种]