河流栖息地对底栖动物群落结构的影响及水质生物评价——以綦江河流域为例  

Effects of River Habitat on Community Structure of Benthic Invertebrate and Water Quality Bioassessment:A Case Study of Qijiang River Basin in China

作　　者：任海庆[1,2,3] 袁兴中[1,2,3] 刘红[3] 邓伟[3] 岳俊生[1,2,3] 王晓锋[1,2,3] 张乔勇 刁元彬 

机构地区：[1]煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400030 [2]西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400030 [3]重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期111-117,共7页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179214)

摘　　要：2014年10月对綦江河流域19个采样点的底栖无脊椎动物和河流栖息地进行调查取样,分析底栖无脊椎动物群落结构特征,并采用BI指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数评价各采样点水质状况,探讨评价指数与河流栖息地评价指标的相关性.研究显示:所有采样点共记录底栖无脊椎动物40种,隶属于13目29科,平均密度为602.24个/m^2,采样点中出现频率最高的底栖无脊椎动物分别为四节蜉(Baetis sp.)、水丝蚓(Limnodrilus sp.)、摇蚊(Chironomus sp.)和动蜉(Cinygma sp.).BI指数显示大多数采样点为"清洁",Shannon-Wiener多样性指数显示大多数采样点为"轻度污染"或"中度污染",两者评价水质状况的结果差异较大.相关性分析表明BI指数与底质、水质状况、河道变化、植被多样性等具有显著的相关关系,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与底质、栖境复杂性、速度-深度结合和水质状况等存在显著的相关关系.Aimed at analyzing the characteristics of the benthic invertebrate community structure,and evaluating the water quality in terms of BI index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index,and investigating the relationship between biological index and river habitat assessment indicator,we investigated benthic invertebrate and river habitat quality at 19 sites at Qijiang River Basin during October 2014.Total 40 species from29families,13 classes were found in the investigations,and the mean density of benthic invertebrates was602.24 ind./m2,and the highest frequency of benthic invertebrates in all sampling points were Baetis sp.,Limnodrilus sp.,Chironomus sp.,and Cinygma sp..BI index shows that most sample points are＂clean＂,and Shannon-Wiener diversity index shows that most sample points are＂light pollution＂or＂moderate pollution＂,the different biological indices result in different results.Correlation analysis shows that BI index has significant correlations with substrate,water quality,channel alteration,vegetation diversity,and Shannon-wiener diversity index has significant correlations with substrate,habitat complexity,water quality,combination of velocity and depth.

关 键 词：底栖动物 河流栖息地 綦江河 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]