住宅内加湿器使用对儿童湿疹患病率的影响  

Impact of home humidifier on children's eczema

作　　者：王丽芳[1,2] 黄晓影[1] SUNDELL Jan 何丽娟[1] 金光[1] 张寅平[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,包头014010 [2]清华大学建筑技术科学系,北京100084

出　　处：《科学通报》2016年第15期1721-1727,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51136002);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAJ02B03);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20131018987)资助

摘　　要：随着家庭加湿器拥有量的增加,加湿器对人体健康的影响受到了关注.为了解加湿器使用对儿童湿疹患病率的影响,2014年3~7月在包头市城区随机选取了37所幼儿园的5076名3~7岁儿童进行了一项横断面调查研究.采用卡方检验和多元Logistic回归方法分析加湿器使用与室内环境因素以及儿童湿疹的相关性.研究结果显示,包头市家庭使用加湿器报告率为52.8%,社会经济地位、室内空气干燥感觉、冬季室内舒适度、家庭成员吸烟等与加湿器使用相关.包头市3~7岁儿童医生确诊湿疹患病率为33.7%.使用加湿器的家庭儿童湿疹患病率是不使用加湿器家庭的1.3倍,同时,室内使用加湿器并出现潮湿现象使儿童患湿疹风险显著增大（a OR,95%CI：2.37,1.39~4.04）,并且使用加湿器的家庭中潮湿现象越多,儿童患湿疹风险越大.本研究表明住宅内加湿器使用是儿童湿疹的危险因素.In view of their increasing popularity, humidifiers have become a public concern due to their effects on human health. It has been proved that cleaning humidifiers infrequently is associated with humidifier lung and humidifier fever and the use of home humidifier detergent, which is used to prevent the microbes of humidifiers, could lead to a further lung injury. As susceptible populations, children are highly sensitive to changes in the environment. The aim of this article, which is a part of an epidemiological multiple-centre study of asthma and allergies among children（China, Children, Homes, Health, CCHH）, is to investigate the association of home humidifier and pre-school children＇s eczema in Baotou, China. A cross-sectional study of 5076 children aged 3–7（79.3% response rate） selected randomly from 37 kindergartens in Baotou was implemented in March to July 2014. A Chi-square test was used in the univariate analysis of the related risk factors of home humidifier use. The associations between children＇s eczema and home humidifier use and dampness signs were performed by multiple logistic regressions after adjusting gender, age, family allergic history, currently smoking and house site. Our survey indicated that 52.8% of the parents reported using humidifiers in their houses. Humidifiers were more frequently used in the families with allergic history, higher family income, higher the degree of the mother, larger house area and younger house age. Children receiving antibiotic treatment utilized humidifiers more often than those never receiving antibiotic treatment. Moreover, cleaning frequency, sensation of dry air, indoor comfort in winter and air cleaner use were related to the use of humidifiers. We found that the prevalence of children＇s doctor-diagnose eczema in Baotou was 33.7%. Eczema symptoms first appearing during the first year of life occurred in 68.9% of children with eczema. Boys had more eczema than girls and low age children had more eczema than high age children（P〈0.05）. F

关 键 词：湿疹 患病率 加湿器 危险因素 包头 

分 类 号：TM925.13[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]