条石鲷早期仔鱼的形态发育观察  

Morphological development of early-stage Oplegnathus fasciatus larvae

作　　者：区又君[1] 李加儿[1] 谢菁[1,2] 何永亮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2016年第5期742-747,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2016A020206002);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A200901D01);中国水产科学研究院水产种质资源与养殖技术重点开放实验室基金项目(2007A014)

摘　　要：【目的】了解条石鲷早期生活阶段的发育特征,丰富其发育生物学基础资料库,也为判断种苗生产工艺的培育效果与适时调整饲养管理措施提供技术支持。【方法】采用常规采样方法和光学显微镜技术对条石鲷早期仔鱼发育过程进行连续观察,并对其营养特性进行研究。【结果】条石鲷在水温（27.8±1.05）℃、p H 8.15、盐度32‰的人工培育条件下,仔鱼卵黄囊在孵化2 d后消失,油球消失于孵化后第6 d,卵黄囊依照先卵黄、后油球的顺序被吸收,吸收速度呈先快后慢的变化趋势。初孵仔鱼在孵化后1 d内生长迅速,之后生长速度减慢。仔鱼在孵出后48 h、卵黄囊消失时出现口裂,口径/全长比随时间变化一直保持上升趋势。条石鲷仔鱼的营养源可归纳为内源性营养—混合性营养—外源性营养3个阶段,分别对应于孵化后2、3~4和5 d。【结论】条石鲷早期仔鱼形态发育与其摄食习性的转变相互适应。【Objective】The present experiment was conducted to investigate developmental characteristics of Oplegnathus fasciatus at early life stage, and enrich basic data of its developmental biology, in order to provide technical support for estimating rearing effect of O. fasciatus fries and timely adjusting management and maintenance measures.【Method】Using traditional sampling and optical microscope techniques, the morphology of early-stage larvae were continually observed, and their nutrition characters were studied during development process. 【Result】The results showed that,under artificial rearing conditions of water temperature（27.8±1.05）℃, p H 8.15 and salinity 32‰, the yolk sac of larvae disappeared on 2 d after hatching, and the oil globule disappeared on 6 d after hatching. The consumption sequence of yolk sac was yolk first and oil globule next. And the consumption was quick first and then slowed down. Newly-hatched larvae grew fast within 1 d after hatching, and then the growth rate slowed down. Furthermore, the mouth opened when yolk sac disappeared within 48 h after hatching, and the mouth size/total length ratio kept upward trend with development.The nutrition source of larvae was involved in 3 stages viz., endotrophic, mixtrophic and exotrophic stages, corresponding to 2, 3-4 and 5 d after hatching, respectively. 【Conclusion】The morphological development of O. fasciatus larvae at early stage is associated with change of its feeding habits.

关 键 词：条石鲷 卵黄囊期 仔鱼 形态发育 营养源 

分 类 号：S965.9[农业科学—水产养殖]