福建连江海带循环制冷育苗水体的浮游植物群落结构分析  

Analysis of phytoplankton community structure in circulated cold seawater from the breeding room of Saccharina japonica in Lianjiang,Fujian Province

作　　者：钟晨辉[1] 杨芳[1] 林琪[1] 郭书悦 黄瑞芳[1] 林向阳[1] 宋武林 陈德富 

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省海洋经济运行监测与评估中心,福建福州350003 [3]福建省连江县官坞海产开发有限公司,福建连江350511

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2016年第3期283-290,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2014J01095);福建省海洋高新产业发展专项(闽海洋高新2014-19);福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(闽海渔科2013R001-1);福建省种业创新与产业化工程(2014S1477-10);福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项

摘　　要：为准确掌握海带（Saccharina japonica）循环制冷育苗过程水体的浮游植物群落结构变化特征,本研究于2014年9月下旬~11月中旬调查了福建省连江县官坞海产开发有限公司海带育苗车间循环水9个批次的浮游植物群落结构,对浮游植物种类组成、优势种和生态特征指数进行统计分析。结果显示,共鉴定浮游植物43种,隶属于5门31属,以硅藻门出现的种类数最多,达22属32种,占总种数的74.42%,其它为蓝藻门、甲藻门、裸藻门和绿藻门。在整个育苗期间,第一优势种始终为奇异棍形藻（Bacillaria paradoxa）,第二优势种为佛氏海毛藻（Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii）和新月细柱藻（Cylindrotheca closterium）交替,优势种组成较简单,变化不明显,单一种优势地位显著。海带幼苗生长期1~8 d阶段的水体浮游植物种类较多,多样性指数、均匀度和丰富度分别达到3.191~3.225、0.765~0.806和1.324~1.500,然而在生长期15~57 d阶段的水体浮游植物种类数降低,多样性指数为1.172~1.818,均匀度为0.370~0.570,丰富度为0.485~0.841,生态特征指标变化幅度较小,多样性水平相对较低,群落结构不匀称,较适合海带幼苗的生长。Characterization of phytoplankton community structure in circulated cold seawater from the whole breeding stages of Saccharina japonica was studied. We collected nine samples from circulated cold seawater in the breeding room of S. japonica in Guanwu Marine Products and Development Co.,LTD,from late September to middle November of 2014. The species composition, dominate species, and ecological characteristic of phytoplankton were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 43 species belonging to 5phyla and 31 genera were indetified. The richest Bacillariophyta consisting of 32 species belonged to 22 genera, accounting for 74. 42%, whereas the rest were Pyrrophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta. Furthermore,the first dominate species was always Bacillaria paradoxa,either Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii or Cylindrotheca closterium was the second dominate species,suggesting that simple composition and unconspicuous temporal changes of dominate species were involved in the circulated cold seawater. From1 d to 8d in the growth stages of S. japonica,the diversity indices,evenness indices and richness indices of the phytoplankton were 3. 191- 3. 225,0. 765- 0. 806 and 1. 324- 1. 500,respectively. However,from 15 d to 57 d in the growth stages,the diversity indices were 1. 172- 1. 818,the evenness indices were 0. 370-0. 570,and the richness indices were 0. 485- 0. 841. Therefore,the circulated cold seawater was suitable to propagate young blades of S. japonica as a consequence of phytoplankton with small variations in ecological and diversity indices,and unstable community structure.

关 键 词：海带 浮游植物 循环制冷水体 种类组成 优势种 

分 类 号：S932.7[农业科学—渔业资源]