一种形状记忆合金压紧释放装置设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of a Hold-down & Release Device Using Shape Memory Alloy Wires

作　　者：刘颖[1] 杨巧龙[1] 闫泽红[1] 张小勇[2] 闫晓军[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《航天器工程》2016年第3期40-44,共5页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：国家重大航天工程

摘　　要：研制了一种压紧释放装置,利用分组滚棒减小释放阻力,采用微小间隙(≤0.05mm)主动控制压紧面横向位移,由形状记忆合金(SMA)丝作为装置驱动源。文章提出了求解释放阻力与SMA回复力的设计方法,并对部件关键参数进行了设计与分析。经过试验验证,在预紧载荷12 000N、供电电流2A、-15℃真空环境下,释放时间为7.6s。与测量结果相比,释放时间与回复位移计算误差小于5%。此SMA压紧释放装置结构简单、功耗低、压紧面滑动微小,适用于精密展开部件的压紧与释放。This paper promotes a hold-down and release device which uses SMA wire as an actuator,groups rollers to decrease friction and initiatively controls small clearance（≤0.05mm）.In this paper,in view of the engineering requirement,a design method is proposed,which gives the relationship between unlocking resistance and restoring force,and an analysis of critical parameters is conducted.The result shows that when the preload is 12000 N,the device release time is7.6sunder-15℃vacuum environment with 2Acurrent.Compared with the measured result,the calculation error of release time and restoring motion are less than 5%.The device developed in this paper has the advantage of simple structure,low power consumption and small gap in seal face,and can be used in delicate deployable mechanism.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金 微小间隙 压紧释放装置 

分 类 号：V444[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]