结构参数对水升华器散热性能影响的研究  

Research on Effects of Structure Parameters on Heat Dissipation of Water Sublimator

作　　者：刘畅[1] 苗建印[1] 何江[1] 王玉莹[1] 宁献文[1] 吕巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,空间热控技术北京市重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2016年第3期57-62,共6页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11472040)

摘　　要：应用一维稳态导热模型,结合具有滑移效应的达西定律、气体通过小孔的流动模型,针对一套水升华器提出了稳态理论分析方法。分析了接触换热系数、排气通道面积两个关键结构参数对水升华器散热性能的影响,并开展了相关实验研究。仿真分析和实验结果表明:稳态散热量随流体回路冷板与给水腔之间接触换热系数增大而增大,接触换热系数较小时,散热量和接触换热系数呈强耦合关系,在接触换热系数较大时,二者呈弱耦合关系。分析表明:散热量随排气通道面积增大而增大,且存在临界排气孔面积,排气孔面积小于临界值时,散热量随排气孔面积的增大而急剧升高,排气孔面积大于临界值时,散热量随排气孔面积的增大而几乎不变。文章研究结果可为空间水升华器的设计提供参考。Based on the model of one-dimension steady-state thermal conductance,Darcy＇s Law with slip effect and the model of gas flowing through a hole,a steady-state theoretical analysis method of the water sublimator is proposed.The effects of contact heat transfer coefficient and area of exhaust channel on heat dissipation are analyzed,and relevant experimental study is carried out.Both the numerical and experimental results reveal that the heat dissipation increases with increasing contact heat transfer coefficient between the coldplate of fluid loop and the feedwater chamber.Moreover,the coupling between heat dissipation and contact heat transfer coefficient is strong when the contact heat transfer coefficient is small,while the coupling is weak when the contact heat transfer coefficient is big;there exists a critical area of exhaust channel.With increase of the area of exhaust channel,the heat dissipation increases rapidly when the area of exhaust channel is smaller than the critical area,otherwise,the heat dissipation hardly changes.The results of this paper can offer some reference for the design of space water sublimator.

关 键 词：水升华器 接触换热系数 排气通道 散热性能 

分 类 号：V444.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]