耐力、抗阻运动对骨骼肌衰减症小鼠腓肠肌细胞自噬相关基因表达的影响  

The Alteration of Autophagy-related Gene in Gastrocnemius Muscle of Mice with Sarcopenia after Endurance Exercise and Resistance Exercise

作　　者：赵永军[1,2] 戴玉洲 陈彩珍[4,5] 何玉秀[1] 卢健[4,5] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学体育学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]吕梁学院体育系 [3]淮安市体育局 [4]华东师范大学体育与健康学院 [5]青少年健康评价与运动干预教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2016年第5期449-455,共7页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：河北省研究生创新资助项目(sj2016021);上海市浦江人才计划资助项目(10PJC029)

摘　　要：目的:探讨骨骼肌衰减发生过程中自噬的变化及运动对其相关基因表达的影响,试图从自噬角度解释骨骼肌衰减的发生机制和运动预防骨骼肌衰减的作用机理。方法:36只2月龄C57BL/6小鼠随机分为青年对照组、老年对照组、老年耐力运动组、老年抗阻运动组。老年耐力运动组和老年抗阻运动组从17月龄(64周龄)开始分别进行4个月的跑台、爬梯训练。老年耐力运动组采用动物跑台进行无负重跑台训练,负荷15米/分钟,3次/周,40分钟/次。老年抗阻运动组以小鼠尾部负重进行爬梯训练,3次/周,2组/天,3次/组,组间隔2分钟,次间隔1分钟。最后用Q-PCR的生物学方法检测自噬相关基因LC3、Beclin1、LAMP-2m RNA的相对表达量。结果:1)老年对照组C57BL/6小鼠出现严重骨骼肌衰减症。2)与青年对照组相比,老年对照组小鼠Beclin1、LC3b/LC3a、LAMP-2bm RNA显著升高,LAMP-2a m RNA的变化无显著性差异。3)与老年对照组相比,老年耐力运动组Beclin1、LC3b/LC3a、LAMP-2a m RNA相对表达量降低,且具有差异显著性,LAMP-2b m RNA相对表达量无差异显著性。4)与老年对照组相比,老年抗阻运动组Beclin1、LAMP-2a、LAMP-2b m RNA表达降低具有显著性,LC3b/LC3a比值升高具有显著性。结论:20月龄C57BL/6小鼠自噬活性显著升高,可诱导骨骼肌产生骨骼肌衰减症;小鼠衰老期16周耐力运动可降低衰老小鼠骨骼肌细胞过度自噬,抵抗骨骼肌衰减症;小鼠衰老期16周抗阻训练可有效控制体重,同时一定程度上抑制衰老引起的自噬激活,抵抗骨骼肌衰减症。Objective To investigate the alterations of autophagy in aging skeletal muscle and the effects of different types of exercise on autophagy-related genes expression, so as try to provide some effective ways to counterwork sarcopenia in aging skeletal muscle. Methods 36 C57BL/6 mice were randomly and equally divided into young control group（YC）, old control group（OC）, old endurance training group（OE）and old resistance training group（OR）. Mice in groups OE and OR were respectively engaged in 40 min treadmill training and ladder-climbing training three times a week for 4 months. The gastrocnemius muscle was collected from YC group at the age of 3 months,and from OE and OR groups at the age of 17 months. After the experiment,the m RNA expressions of biological autophagy related genes（Beclin1, LC3, and LAMP-2）were detected by Real-Time PCR. Results（1）Severe sarcopenia appeared in group OC.（2）Compared with the group YC, Beclin1, LC3 b, and LAMP-2b m RNA expressions increased significantly, and LC3 a m RNA expression decreased significantly in group OC, while no significant difference in LAMP-2a m RNA expression was found.（3）Compared with the group OC, Beclin1, LC3 b, and LAMP-2a m RNA expressions decreased significantly, and LC3 a m RNA expressions increased significantly in group OE, while no significant difference in LAMP-2b m RNA expression was found.（4）Compared with the group OC, Beclin1,LC3 b,LAMP-2a,and LAMP-2b m RNA expression decreased significantly and LC3 a m RNA increased significantly in group OR. The body weight in group OE decreased significantly as compared to group OC（P=0.006）. Conclusion The activation of autophagy increases significantly in 20 months old C57BL/6 mice, and thus causes the occurrence of sarcopenia. 16 wks treadmill training during the aging period of mice can decrease the overexpression of autophagy in aging skeletal muscle cell and counteract the sarcopenia; 16 wks of resistance training during the aging period of mice not only can inhibit the act

关 键 词：自噬 耐力运动 抗阻运动 衰老 骨骼肌衰减症 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]