两株H3N8亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)的生物学特性  

Biological Characteristic of Two H3N8 Subtype Avian influenza viruses(AIV)

作　　者：崔鹏飞[1,2] 卢昆鹏[2] 陈思[2] 肖丽[2] 关立峥[1,2] 邓国华[2] 陈化兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所/农业部动物流感重点开放实验室/兽医生物技术国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2016年第7期980-986,共7页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.31572552)

摘　　要：H3N8亚型流感病毒宿主范围广泛,除了可以感染野鸟和家禽外,还可以感染多种哺乳动物,并且H3N8亚型流感病毒跨物种传播的现象也时有发生,对养殖业和人类生命健康都具有重要威胁。为了解H3N8亚型禽流感病毒(Avian influenza virus,AIV)的生物学特性,本研究对2013年贵州省分离的两株H3N8亚型AIV(A/duck/Guizhou/S1092/2013(H3N8)(简称DK/GZ/S1092/2013)和A/duck/Guizhou/S1145/2013(H3N8)(简称DK/GZ/S1145/2013))进行了遗传演化分析、小鼠(Mus musculus)感染性实验和受体结合特异性实验。遗传演化分析结果表明,这两株病毒具有明显的遗传多样性,除了血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)基因位于同一个进化分支外,其他7个基因片段均具有不同起源。感染性实验结果表明,这两株病毒不需要提前适应就可以在小鼠的肺脏和鼻甲内有效复制,对小鼠呈现低致病性,小鼠感染病毒后未出现明显临床症状,且DK/GZ/S1092/2013仅引起小鼠的体重下降1.8%,DK/GZ/S1145/2013仅引起小鼠的体重下降0.8%。受体结合特异性分析结果表明,这两株病毒同时具有结合禽源唾液酸(sialic acid,SA)α2,3-Gal受体和人源SAα2,6-Gal受体的能力,具有感染人类的潜在风险。本研究通过对两株H3N8亚型AIV的生物学特性进行系统分析,发现H3N8亚型AIV具有感染哺乳动物的潜在风险。研究结果对于H3N8亚型AIV的综合防控具有重要的指导意义。H3N8 influenza viruses have a broad host range, which are commonly found in wild birds and domestic poultry, and have been isolated from some mammals. Moreover, H3N8 influenza viruses have the ability to occasionally infect and transmit among other species. In recent years, avian influenza surveillance data indicates that the number of isolated H3N8 subtype Avian influenza virus（AIV） has a tendency to increase year by year. To understand the biological characteristics of the H3N8 AIV, two H3N8 viruses（A/duck/Guizhou/S1092/2013（H3N8）（DK/GZ/S1092/2013） and A/duck/Guizhou/S1145/2013（H3N8）（DK/GZ/S1145/2013）） were isolated from Guizhou province at 2013 for phylogenetic analysis, infectious experiment in mice（Mus musculus） and receptor-binding specificity analysis. The phylogenetic analysis results indicated that the 2viruses displayed obviously genetic diversity, and all genome of the viruses had different origins except for hemagglutinin（HA） gene. The mice study suggested that the 2 viruses could effectively replicate in the lung and nasal turbinate of mice without pre-adaptation. The virus titers of DK/GZ/S1092/2013 in lung and nasal turbinate were 4.00 and 5.50 log10EID50/m L（EID50： Fifty percent embryo infection doses）, respectively, and the virus titers of DK/GZ/S1145/2013 in lung and nasal turbinate were 4.25 and 3.58 log10EID50/m L, respectively.In addition, the 2 H3N8 influenza viruses displayed low virulence to mice, and mice did not display obvious clinical symptoms after infection with the viruses. In the observation period, DK/GZ/S1092/2013 only caused1.8% bodyweight loss and DK/GZ/S1145/2013 only caused 0.8% bodyweight loss. The receptor- binding specificity analysis demonstrated that the 2 viruses had the ability to bind both sialic acid（SA） α2,3- Gal receptor from poultry and SA α2,6- Gal receptor from human, which indicated that the 2 H3N8 subtype AIV posed potential threat to infect human. In conclusion, this study systematically researched the biological ch

关 键 词：禽流感病毒(AIV) H3N8 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]