尼龙6/氯化钾复合材料的结晶与性能  

Studies on the Crystallization and Properties of PA6/Potassium Chloride Composites

作　　者：胡孝迎 郑强[1] 王彩红[1,2] 王君[1,2] 于杰[2] 鲁圣军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵阳550025 [2]国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵阳550014

出　　处：《高分子学报》2016年第6期814-821,共8页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号51563002);贵阳市工业振兴科技计划项目(项目号筑科合同[2012101]2-11);贵州省工业攻关项目(项目号黔科合GY字[2009]3016)资助

摘　　要：通过熔融共混法制备了不同KCl含量下的尼龙6(PA6)/KCl复合材料,采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、流变仪、红外光谱(IR)、电子拉伸机等研究了KCl含量对PA6/KCl复合材料结晶行为、流变性能及力学性能的影响,并研究了其受限机制.力学性能研究结果表明,随着KCl含量的增加,PA6/KCl复合材料拉伸强度和冲击强度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,在KCl含量为3 phr时,复合材料拉伸强度和冲击强度分别达到最大值82.67 MPa和7.34 k J/m^2,较纯PA6分别增加了10.8%和34.68%,动态力学性能测量结果表明,在测量温度范围内,复合材料的储能模量均高于纯PA6,在25℃体系储能模量(G')随KCl含量的增加而增大,复合体系抵抗弯曲变形能力增加,而结晶行为研究结果表明,增加KCl的含量,PA6/KCl复合材料的成核温度、晶体生长温度、熔融温度及玻璃化转变温度均向低温方向移动,成核密度和成核速率也逐渐减小,结晶能力下降,结晶度减小,结晶度由原来25.30%变为19.34%,而结晶诱导时间逐渐增加.流变性能研究结果表明,随着KCl含量的增加,复合体系的零剪切黏度逐渐增加,且所有的体系均呈现出假塑性流体行为,剪切变稀现象越来越明显,特征松弛时间τ_1、τ_2和τ_3逐渐增加,复合体系的松弛机制发生变化.The polyamide 6（ PA6）/KCl composites were prepared by the melt blending method. The effect of KCl content on the crystallization behavior,as well as the rheological and mechanical properties of the composities was studied by differential scanning calorimeter（ DSC）,advanced rheometer（ ARES-G2）,Fourier fransform infrared spectrometer（ IR） and universal testing machine. The mechanism of confined crystallization was also systematically investigated. The mechanical property results show that the tensile strength and notch impact strength increased first and decreased finally with the increase of KCl content. When the amount of KCl was 3 phr,the tensile strength and notch impact strength of the PA6/KCl composities reached the maximum values of 82. 67 MPa and 7. 34 k J/m^2,respectively,which presented 10. 8% and 34. 68% improvement compared to those of the pure PA6. The dynamic mechanical property measurement results demonstrated that the storage modulus of the composite materials was higher than that of pure PA6 in the measuring temperature range,and the storage modulus of the composites increased with the increase of KCl content. The crystallization behavior results reveal that with the addition of KCl content,the temperature of nucleation,the growth temperature of crystal,the melt temperature of crystal and the glass transition temperature of spherulites dramatically decreased. The density and the rate of nucleation also decreased gradually,the crystallization ability of PA6/KCl composites decreased and the crystallinity decreased from 20. 30% to 19. 34%,the crystallization induction time gradually increased. The rheological property results showed that with the increase of KCl content,the composites exhibited zero shear viscosity and pseudo plastic fluid behavior,and the phenomenon of shear thinning became more and more obvious,the changes in relaxation mechanism led to the gradually increase in the characteristic relaxation time τ_1,τ_2and τ_3.

关 键 词：PA6 共混物 结晶行为 流变行为 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]