黄河口及其邻近水域夏季浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental variables in summer in the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent waters

作　　者：秦雪[1] 徐宾铎[1] 杨晓改[1] 任一平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《水产学报》2016年第5期711-720,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303050)~~

摘　　要：根据2013年调水调沙前(6月)、后(8月)在黄河口及其邻近水域进行浮游植物与环境调查数据,研究该水域夏季浮游植物种类组成、优势种、群落多样性的变化,应用典范对应分析(CCA)研究黄河口浮游植物群落空间结构与环境因子的关系,并探讨黄河调水调沙事件对浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果显示,本次调查共鉴定浮游植物88种,隶属于4门40属。其中,硅藻门种类最多,共30属66种,占总种数的74.2%;甲藻门次之,共6属16种,占总种数的18.2%;绿藻门共3属5种,占总种数的5.7%;金藻门仅1属1种。调水调沙前浮游植物优势种为旋链角毛藻和细弱圆筛藻,调水调沙后的优势种为梭状角藻和旋链角毛藻。浮游植物群落物种丰富度指数D、多样性指数H'和均匀度指数J'均呈现调水调沙前高后低的趋势。典范对应分析表明,调水调沙前影响浮游植物群落空间结构的主要因素为硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、溶解氧和透明度;调水调沙后影响浮游植物群落空间结构的主要因素为溶解氧、活性硅酸盐、铵盐和透明度。黄河调水调沙带来的营养盐变化可能是引起调水调沙前、后浮游植物种类组成和群落结构差异的主要因素。Based on the data collected from the surveys in June and August 2013 in the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent waters, the species composition, dominant species and species diversity of phytoplankton assemblage were studied, and the spatial structure of phytoplankton assemblage and its relationship with environmental variables were examined by canonical correlation analysis（CCA）. A total of 88 phytoplankton species belonging to 4 phyla and 40 genera were collected, among which Bacillariophyta was the most abundant phylum, which included 30 genera and 66 species, accounting for 74.2% of total taxa, followed by Phrrophyta, which included 6genera and 16 species, accounting for 18.2% of total taxa. The third phylum was Chlorophyta, which included 3genera and 5 species, accounting for 5.7% of total taxa. And the least abundant phylum was Chrysophyta, which had only 1 species belonging to 1 genus. Chaetoceros curvisetus and Coscinodiscus subtilis were the dominant species in June, while the dominant species were Ceratium fusus and C. curvisetus in August. The Margalef species richness index（D）, Shannon diversity index（H ’） and Pielou evenness index（J ’） of the phytoplankton community were higher in June than those in August. CCA suggested that the main factors affecting the phytoplankton community structure in June were nitrate, nitrite nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and transparency; the main factors influencing the phytoplankton community structure in August were dissolved oxygen, silicate,ammonium nitrogen and transparency. The changes in diluted water and abundant nutrients resulting from the sand-washing operation of Yellow River might the primary factors causing the difference in the spatial structure of the phytoplankton assemblage between June and August.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 典范对应分析 黄河口 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学] S917[生物学—普通生物学]