乳化液介质电磁卸荷阀内气蚀现象的仿真研究  

Simulation of Cavitation Erosion in the Electromagnetic Unloading Valve with Emulsion

作　　者：解浩[1] 郑直[1] 冀宏[1] 韦文术 徐鹏 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]北京天地玛珂电液控制系统有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《液压气动与密封》2016年第6期12-16,共5页Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51465033)

摘　　要：电磁卸荷阀是乳化液泵站压力控制和过载保护的关键元件,但在实际使用约1500h后,其主阀套四个出口之间的钢制内壁面几乎被气蚀蚀穿。该文运用AMESim和Fluent对乳化液泵站电磁卸荷阀内部的空化流动进行联合仿真,由AMESim仿真阀口开度随时间的变化规律;使用Fluent的Zwart空化模型,对阀套的气蚀破坏现象进行研究。研究表明电磁卸荷阀阀口开度越小,阀口后部低压区面积越大,空化越严重;空化流冲击阀套出口间的壁面,气泡迅速溃灭并对内壁材料造成气蚀破坏;主阀频繁开启使气蚀呈脉冲式,间歇式地犁沟阀套内壁,导致阀套出现裂隙。最后,提出了阀腔流域设计的改进办法。The electromagnetic unloading valve was selected as the key parts for pressure control and overload protection in the emulsion pump station.However,the steel inner wall between the four outlet holes in the main valve sleeve have been severely cavitation eroded after working about 1500 hours.It has a large impact on the stability and reliability of pumping station work.In this paper,numerical investigation of the cavitating flow in electromagnetic unloading valve is carried out by using AMESim and Fluent software.The time-dependence of valve opening and the pressure change in working condition are obtained by AMESim,the cavitation erosion of valve sleeve is studied by Kunz cavitation model.The study shows that the decrease of opening of the valve can result in the augment of the low-pressure area and the cavitation degree;the cavitating flow is blocked by the inner walls between the outlet holes,the flow impact pressure lead to bubbles collapse and cavitation erosion;the frequently open of main valve cause impulse cavitation erosion and erode inner walls intermittently,finally,the valve sleeve cracked.At last,an improved design of valve chamber has been proposed.

关 键 词：乳化液 电磁卸荷阀 小阀口 脉冲式气蚀 空化流动 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]