高压气体开关放电电极的显微结构表征  

Microstructure Characterization of Electrodes of High Voltage Gas Spark Gap Switch

作　　者：谢昌明[1] 钟伟[1] 杜涛[1] 谈效华[1] 金大志[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《高压电器》2016年第6期78-85,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金："十二五"预研基金资助项目(426010402-3)~~

摘　　要：在不同放电条件下对高压气体开关进行单次放电实验,结果表明,随着峰值电流和传递电荷量增大,电极烧蚀范围逐渐增大,烧蚀坑面积和深度增大(凹坑深度达5.4μm),表面熔融化、熔融液滴铺展和表面微突起现象越显著,其中微突起主要来源于相对电极材料的溅射作用。针对钼和钨2种电极材料,研究高压气体开关多次工作电极的显微结构。可知开关表面均出现突起和裂纹等特征;钼开关电极表面烧蚀程度较严重,形成的颗粒突起较大(直径达30μm、高度达34μm),表面呈现的裂纹较宽(20μm)、较深(18μm)且数量较多,而且表面呈明显熔融态;而钨开关电极烧蚀程度较轻,表面出现一定数量尺寸较小的突起(最大直径为20μm,最大高度为18μm),裂纹少且尺寸小(宽度为5μm,深度为8μm)。Single-discharge test was conducted to characterize the microstructure of electrodes of a high voltage gas spark gap（HVGSG） switch in different discharge conditions. It was observed that the erosion boundary of the electrodes and the dimension of the craters increased with the increase of peak current and transferred charge; the melted state and the small salience due to sputtering of the opposite electrode became evident on the surface of electrodes. The microstructures of Mo electrode and W electrode after several discharges were investigated, and the results showed that： 1）saliences and cracks appeared on the surfaces of both Mo and W electrodes; 2）the Mo electrode exhibits heavier erosion, bigger saliences（30 μm in diameter and 34 μm in height）, bigger and more cracks（20 μm in width and 18 μm in depth）, and more obvious melted state than the W electrode; and 3）the W electrode exhibits lighter erosion, smaller saliences（20 μm in diameter and 18 μm in height）, and narrower cracks（5 μm in width and 8 μm in depth）.

关 键 词：高压气体开关(HVGSG) 电极 显微结构 表征 

分 类 号：TM564[电气工程—电器]