改性酱渣废油制备包膜氮肥及对玉米生长的影响  

Preparation of coated nitrogen fertilizer from modified soy sauce residue oil and its influence on maize growth

作　　者：景旭东 毛小云[2] 阎杰[1] 林海琳[1] 梁关生[3] 廖宗文[2] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院化学化工学院,广东广州510225 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [3]仲恺农业工程学院教学科研基地,广东广州510225

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2016年第4期25-31,共7页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省对外科技合作项目(2014A050503065);广州市产学研协同创新重大专项(201508030039);广东省科技计划项目(2015B020215012)

摘　　要：【目的】解决酱渣废弃物的资源再利用问题,减少其对环境的污染,扩大缓释肥包膜材料的来源。【方法】采用酱渣废油经过一定程度环氧化改性之后制备包膜氮肥,利用红外光谱(FTIR)和高倍显微镜及扫描电镜(SEM)分析包膜层的结构,同时通过玉米盆栽试验进行肥效验证。【结果】酱渣废油改性后结构发生了改变,更利于成膜,且膜层出现致密的网状结构;玉米盆栽试验表明,包膜肥组(T1)与普通化肥组(CK2)相比,玉米的叶绿素含量和叶片数差异不明显,但叶面积、茎周长和株高第60天测量T1与无施肥组(CK0)、单施磷钾肥组(CK1)差异显著,比CK2分别提高了9.5%、4.3%和7.3%;单株玉米鲜质量T1与其他3组差异均显著;单株玉米干质量T1与CK2差异不显著,但与其他2组差异均显著,T1比CK0和CK1组分别提高了14.2%和5.2%。【结论】包膜氮肥可以一定程度上促进玉米的生长,在土壤中具有一定的缓释功能。【Objective】This study aimed to achieve recycling of soy sauce residue oil,reduce its environmental pollution,and expand the resources of slow-release fertilizer material. 【Method】Coated nitrogen fertilizer was prepared by epoxy modification of soy sauce residue oil. The structure of the coated film was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy,high-power microscope and scanning electron microscope. The fertilizer efficiency was examined in corn pot experiment.【Result】After epoxy modification of the soy sauce residue oil,its structure changed which promoted forming of film with dense net structure. In corn pot experiment,there were no significant differences in leaf number and chlorophyll content between the test group using coated nitrogen fertilizer( T1) and the control group with normal fertilization( CK2). The final leaf area,stem girth and plant height of T1 were significantly different from those of the control group with no fertilization( CK0) and the control group with only phosphorus and potassium but no nitrogen fertilization( CK1),and increased by 9. 5%,4. 3% and 7. 3% at 60 days respectively compared with CK2. The corn plant fresh weight of T1 was significantly different from those of the other three groups.While the corn plant dry weight of T1 was not significantly different from that of CK2,it significantly increased by 14. 2% and 5. 2% respectively compared to CK0 and CK1. 【Conclusion】Coated nitrogen fertilizer could promote maize growth,and is considered slow-releasing in soil.

关 键 词：酱渣废油 改性 包膜氮肥 玉米生长 肥效 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学]