新型叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Azido-triazine Energetic Compounds Derived from s-triazine

作　　者：张玉根[1] 王志鑫[1] 程广斌[1] 吕春绪[1] 杨红伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2016年第3期26-31,42,共7页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(21376121)

摘　　要：以三聚氯氰为前驱体,通过亲核取代反应,得到硝基芳环均三嗪中间体;再将中间体与NaN3反应,得到4种新型叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物:4,6-二叠氮基-N-(2-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、4,6-二叠氮基-N-(3-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、4,6-二叠氮基-N-(4-硝基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺基、2,4-二叠氮基-6-(2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)肼基)-1,3,5-三嗪;采用IR、1 H NMR、13 C NMR、MS等对4种化合物的结构进行了表征;采用TG-DSC研究了4种化合物的热力学性能;通过B3LYP/6-311G**方法预估了化合物的理论密度、标准生成焓、爆速和爆压。结果表明,4种化合物具有较好的热稳定性,叠氮基的引入使其具有较高的正生成焓。综合4种叠氮-均三嗪类含能化合物的性能,化合物2,4-二叠氮基-6-(2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)肼基)-1,3,5-三嗪的性能较佳。Four nitro aromatic triazine intermediates were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution using cyanuric chloride as the precursor .Then four new azido‐triazine energetic compounds ,4 ,6‐diazido‐N‐（2‐nitrophenyl）‐1 ,3 ,5‐triazin‐2‐amine ,4 ,6‐diazido‐N‐（3‐nitrophenyl）‐1 ,3 ,5‐triazin‐2‐amine ,4 ,6‐diazido‐N‐（4‐nitrophenyl）‐1 ,3 ,5‐triazin‐2‐amine ,2 ,4‐diazido‐6‐（2‐（2 ,4‐dinitrophenyl）hydrazinyl）‐1 ,3 ,5‐triazine ,were obtained by the reaction of four in‐termediates with NaN3 .The structures of the four compounds were characterized by IR ,1 H NMR ,13C NMR ,MS and the thermal behaviors were studied by TG‐DSC .Their theoretical density ,standard enthalpy of formation ,det‐onation velocity and detonation pressure were predicted by B 3LYP/6‐311G＊ ＊ method .The results show that the four compounds have better thermal stability .The introduction of azide group makes four compounds own high en‐thalpy of formation .Compound 2 ,4‐diazido‐6‐（2‐（2 ,4‐dinitrophenyl）hydrazinyl）‐1 ,3 ,5‐triazine shows relatively good performance among the four azido‐triazine energetic compounds .

关 键 词：有机化学 含能化合物 三嗪 亲核取代 叠氮 三聚氯氰 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O621.3[理学—有机化学]