NBA与CBA联赛竞争平衡的比较研究--基于外籍球员和净胜分数据  

The Comparative Study on the League Competitive Equilibrium Between NBA and CBA——Based on Foreign Players and Data of Odds Differences

作　　者：黄璐 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学体育部,河北唐山063009

出　　处：《体育研究与教育》2016年第3期82-89,共8页Sports Research and Education

基　　金：国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学研究项目(2085SS14116)

摘　　要：实现竞争平衡对于职业体育联赛的市场化发展具有重要意义,同时竞争平衡理论的适用性和有效性面临实践的挑战。运用线性回归等研究方法,对NBA与CBA外籍球员、比赛净胜分进行相关性分析,结合"冠军""常规赛""季后赛"三个竞争平衡层次可能形成的数据表现差异展开讨论。研究结果:NBA与CBA联赛常规赛的竞争平衡状态非常接近,NBA与CBA季后赛竞争平衡状态表现出一定差异;引进外籍球员与CBA常规赛、季后赛竞争平衡之间没有线性关系,但在近五个赛季季后赛外籍球员与净胜分"≤3"的层次水平之间具有明显的线性关系。结论:NBA与CBA联赛体系之间存在较大差异,竞争平衡只是联赛诸多成功因素中的一个必要环节;CBA联赛不能过于追求竞争平衡状态,应该将联赛主要的成长性目标放在提高联赛整体竞技水平、引进高水平外籍球员等方面。Competitive equilibrium is of crucial importance for the development of professional league market,meanwhile the theory also faces canllenge in applicability and validity. The author carries out the correlation analysis of foreign players in NBA and CBA and competitive odds differences by applying linear regression and other research methods; and discusses about the performance difference of data possibly formed by three competitive equilibrium levels — ＂championship＂,＂regular season＂and ＂playoff＂. The research result showed that it was a very near thing between competitive equilibrium status of regular seasons in NBA League and CBA League while there were certain differences between competitive equilibrium status of playoffs of NBA League and CBA League. There was no linear relation between introducing foreign players and competitive equilibrium of regular seasons and playoffs in CBA League. However,in recent five playoffs,there was a clear linear relation between foreign players and the level whose odds difference is＂≤3＂. It suggested that the competitive equilibrium is only an essential factor in the many successful factors of league; CBA League cannot overly pursue competitive equilibrium status but put the main growth goal of CBA League on enhancing the overall competitive level of it and introducing high- level foreign players.

关 键 词：职业联赛 竞争平衡 外籍球员 净胜分 NBA CBA 

分 类 号：G80-32[文化科学—运动人体科学]