2005—2014年天津市河北区风疹流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of rubella in Hebei District of Tianjin from 2005-2014

作　　者：刘辉[1] 李薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市河北区疾病预防控制中心,天津300150

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第9期1237-1239,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析天津市河北区2005—2014年风疹流行病学特征,为进一步制定风疹的防控策略提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2005—2014年河北区风疹发病情况进行分析。结果河北区2005—2014年累计报告风疹发病1610例,年平均发病率为25.36/10万,以散发为主,无死亡病例;该区全年风疹报告发病集中在春夏季节,4—6月为发病高峰;全区10个街道均有病例发生,位于前3位的街道共报告715例,占发病总数的44.41%;发病男性明显多于女性,男女之比为1.68∶1;以≥15岁年龄段发病最多,病例数为1 206例,占发病总数的75.41%,且2007—2014年0～14岁组发病构成比明显下降。结论近年来河北区风疹报告发病总体呈波动式上升趋势,风疹疫情仍很严峻。加强疫情监测,提高易感人群风疹疫苗免疫覆盖率,落实综合性防控措施是控制乃至消除风疹的有效手段。[Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Hebei District of Tianjin from 2005 to2014,provide scientific basis for developing the prevention and control measures of rubella.[Methods]The data of f rubella in Hebei District during the period of 2005-2014 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods.[Results]A total of 1 610 rubella cases were reported Hebei District from 2005-2014,with the average annual incidence rate of 25.36/lakh. Most were sporadic cases,and there was no death case. The rubella cases concentrated in the spring and summer seasons,and the peak season appeared April to June. The cases were reported in 10 sub-districts,and totally 715 cases occurred in top three sub-districts with highest incidence,accounting for 44.41% of the total cases. The male cases were more than female cases,and male-to-female ratio was 1.68 ∶1. 1 206 cases were people over 15 years old,accounting for 75.41% of the total cases. During 2007-2014,the constituent ratio of 0-14 year-old age group decreased significantly. [Conclusion]The incidence rate of rubella shows a rising trend as fluctuating type,and the epidemic situation of rubella is still severe. To strengthen the epidemic monitoring,improve the immunization rate of rubella vaccine among susceptible population,and implement the comprehensive prevention and control measures are the effective means to control and eliminate rubella.

关 键 词：风疹 流行特征 麻腮风疫苗 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]