贫困大学生心理弹性与应对方式的关系  

Relations between mental resilience and coping styles in poor college students

作　　者：陈红艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西理工学院教育科学学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第10期1419-1421,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(12YJC880012);陕西理工学院科研项目(SLGKY1324)

摘　　要：目的探讨贫困大学生的心理弹性与应对方式之间关系,为贫困生的心理卫生提供支持。方法采用心理弹性量表和应对方式问卷对187名贫困生进行调查。结果贫困生的心理弹性处于中等水平,其中,男生坚韧性得分显著高于女生(t=2.307,P<0.05),二年级贫困生的心理弹性显著高于其他年级贫困生(F=3.146,P<0.05);理工科贫困生乐观性显著高于文科贫困生(F=4.372,P<0.01);贫困生的心理弹性及各因子与问题解决、求助的积极应对存在显著性正相关(r=0.153~0.584),与退避、自责、幻想和合理化的消极应对存在显著性负相关(r=-0.292^-0.677);心理弹性较高贫困生(F=5.613,P<0.01;F=4.037,P<0.05)问题解决、求助的积极应对显著高于心理弹性较低和中等者;回归分析显示,心理弹性的高韧性(β=0.516,P=0.001)和高乐观(β=0.392,P=0.001)对贫困生积极应对具有一定的预测作用(R2=31.9)。结论提高贫困生的心理弹性可以改善其面对挫折的应对方式。[Objectives]To explore the relationship between mental resilience and coping styles,provide the reference for mental health education in poor college students.[Methods] 187 poor college students were investigated by the mental resilience questionnaire and the coping styles questionnaire.[Results]The mental resilience of poor college students was at the medium level. The tenacity score in male students was significantly higher than that in female students（t =2.307,P〈0.05）,the mental resilience level of grade 2 students was significantly higher than that of students in other grades（F =3.146,P〈0.05）,and the optimism score in science-engineering students was significantly higher than that in students of arts（F =4.372,P〈0.01）. The mental resilience and all factors in poor college students were significantly positively correlated with the positive coping of problem solving and recourse（r =0.153 ~0.584）,and significantly negatively correlated with the negative coping of retreat,selfaccusation,fantasy and rationalization（r=-0.292^-0.677）. The levels of positive coping of problem solving and recourse in poor college students with higher mental resilience level were significantly higher than those in students with lower or medium level of mental resilience（F=5.613,P〈0.01;F=4.037,P〈0.05）. Regression analysis showed that higher tenacity level（β=0.516,P=0.001）and higher optimism level（β=0.392,P=0.001）of mental resilience had the predicting effect on positive coping of poor college students（R2=31.9）.[Conclusion]To enhance the mental resilience of poor college students can improve their coping styles to frustration.

关 键 词：应对方式 心理弹性 贫困生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]