海水中原油光降解与TiO_2光催化降解的比较研究  

Comparison Between Photolytic and Photocatalytic Degradation of Crude Oil by Nano-Titanium Dioxide in Seawater

作　　者：崔玲君 张前前[1] 李苓[1] 张栋梅[1] 安伟 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋石油环保服务有限公司,天津300452

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期100-107,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：中海油"水下溢油行为模拟实验与深水区溢油应急技术研究"项目(CY-HB-12-ZC-121)资助~~

摘　　要：本文采取与海洋环境相似的条件(海水介质、UV-A光照),设计长实验周期30d,对单纯光降解和TiO_2催化降解原油的行为进行了比较研究,着重考察研究了TiO_2催化剂用量、硬脂酸包裹与否等条件对原油降解率的影响,通过紫外光谱、总有机碳分析仪、柱层析、气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)法,分析了原油水溶性成分(Water Soluble Fractions:WSF)、溶解有机碳(DOC)、原油组成的改变。结果表明原油光催化降解率高于光降解,TiO_2催化剂用量对原油降解率及WSF的组成和浓度有显著影响,催化剂是否包裹则影响不大。TiO_2质量分数为12.5%时原油降解率为39.14%,水体中DOC含量最高达到89.60mg/L,多环芳烃的降解率高达82.97%。估算的胶质降解率与芳香烃组分的降解率呈现正相关,光催化使得正构烷烃组分含量升高。Comparison between photolytic and photocatalytic degradation of crude oil was conducted in mimic actual marine environment using seawater medium,UV-A radiation,and a test duration of 30 days,focusing on the degradation rate of crude oil by nano-TiO2 with different quantity and coated with stearic acid or not.The changes of water soluble fraction and DOC concentration as well as the SARA fractions of crude oil,were measured using a variety of techniques including ultraviolet absorption spectrum,total organic carbon analyzer,column chromatography,gas chromatographic mass spectrometry.The results showed that photocatalytic degradation worked better than simple photolytic degradation.The catalyst quantity had significant effects on photodegradation rate and the composition and concentration of WSF,while the catalyst whether coated had little influence.It was the 12.5% quality fraction that exhibited the optimum catalytic activity.After 30 dillumination,the crude oil lost 39.14% of its initial weight and the DOC concentration in seawater was 89.60mg/L,and the aromatic compounds were reduced by 82.97%.In addition,the estimated degradation rates of resins positively correlated with those of aromatics,and the n-alkanes increased in photocatalytic conditions.

关 键 词：原油降解率 光降解 光催化降解 纳米TIO2 原油族组分 水溶性成分 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]