秦皇岛褐潮期超微型浮游生物丰度及多样性研究  

Studies on Abundance and Diversity of Microplankton During Brown Tide Around Qinhuangdao Area

作　　者：马玉[1] 汪岷[1,2] 夏骏[1] 宫政[1] 宋雪[1] 刘倩[1] 李岩[1] 姜勇[1] 邵红兵[1] 张耀元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生物遗传学与基因资源利用教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第6期142-150,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500339;41076088);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M570612);中国海洋大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目(201562018);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项基金项目(201205031)资助~~

摘　　要：秦皇岛作为中国北方重要水产养殖基地,年年爆发褐潮,对当地生态环境造成巨大影响。针对微微型真核浮游生物、浮游病毒和浮游细菌三大类群,进行了褐潮前中2个时期丰度和群落结构及其主要影响因素的分析。本研究利用流式细胞仪技术对褐潮前期和褐潮中期秦皇岛近岸海域微微型真核浮游生物、浮游细菌和浮游病毒的丰度分布特征进行了研究;利用病毒宏基因组技术、18SrDNA V9区和16SrDNA V4～V5高通量测序技术对超微型浮游生物各个类群进行多样性研究。研究发现,褐潮中期微微型真核浮游生物丰度平均值为27.50×103个/mL,浮游细菌丰度平均值为1.97×105个/mL,浮游病毒丰度平均值为9.65×105 VLP/mL。褐潮中期藻类DNA病毒含量提高（20.30%）;不等鞭毛虫门为微微型真核浮游植物主要优势类群;变形菌门为浮游细菌主要优势类群。海水生态系统中超微型浮游生物的多样性及丰度对褐潮的发生具有较高敏感性,未来,针对海洋超微型浮游生物的研究,对进一步了解褐潮机制和寻求褐潮消解方法提供了新的角度和思路。Microplankton,which is under 5μm and including picoeukaryotes,marine bacteria,and virioplankton,plays an important role in marine ecosystem and is thought to be a robust indicator for bio-assessment.Qinhuangdao is one of the biggest scallop cultivation area in northern China with brown tide blooming every year,and local environment has been significantly affected by the aquaculture activities.In Qinhuangdao scallop cultivation area（QSCA）,investigation on microplankton is still scant,especially information about their temporal variation and distribution along brown tides still need pay more attentions.To better understand the environmental influences of brown tide,microplankton communities were investigated in two time spots（June and April）in QSCA.In present study,the abundance of microplankton has been revealed by flow cytometry technique and the results show that the microplankton abundance varied along the blooming and was higher during tide than that of before tide,which was 27.50×103cell/mL for picoeukaryotes,1.97×105cell/mL for marine becteria,and 9.65×105 VLP/mL for virioplankton on average,which exhibits the obvious response of microplankton to the brown tide.Meanwhile,the diversity of microplankton has been studied by metagenomics（for virioplankton）and by high-through sequencing technology（18SrDNA V9 for picoeukaryotes;16SrDNA V4～V5for bacteria）.During the study period,the species from Myoviridae are the main contributors to the virioplankton all the time.Percentage of speceies from Caudovirales decreased a lot（67.69% before the tide,47.44% during the tide）,while those of Phycodnaviridae rose up clearly（1.57% before the tide,20.30% during the tide）.Four super groups were indentified from picoeukaryotes,which is SAR,Plantae,Amoebozoa,and Opisthokonta.In both samples,SAR（including alveolates,heterokonta,and ciliates,etc.）were the dominate super group of picoeukaryotes but their genetic diversity decrease clearly along the brown tide（931species before the tide,683 species

关 键 词：浮游病毒 微微型真核浮游生物 浮游细菌 丰度 多样性 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]