某三甲医院临床医务人员锐器伤流行病学特点  

Epidemiological characteristics of sharp instrument injuries in health care workers of a three-A hospital

作　　者：李冬梅[1] 高燕[1] 王守军[1] 刘荣[1] 郝云霄[1] 匡季秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院医院感染管理办公室,北京100044

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第12期2865-2866,2871,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：中国医师协会医院科研建设基金资助项目(2013-353)

摘　　要：目的通过了解临床医务人员锐器伤的发生原因、环节、人群分布、锐器种类及相关血液、体液暴露源情况等,分析出锐器伤发生的流行病学特点,有效践行医院内的职业安全措施。方法选择2012年1月-2015年12月发生锐器伤的174名临床医务人员,逐一填写"医疗锐器伤登记表",对4年的监测数据进行调查分析,采用SPSS17.0软件进行数据处理。结果发生锐器伤的174名临床医务人员中,护士比例最高,占53.45%,其次为医师,占40.23%;手术室内发生锐器伤最多,占36.20%;导致伤害的锐器物以缝合针和注射器针头为主,分别占32.76%、32.18%;工龄≤10年及男性的医务人员更易发生针刺伤,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)、医务人员在白班时段更易发生锐器伤,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论医务人员发生锐器伤主要以手术科室为主,发生刺伤最多的锐器以缝合针、注射器针头最多见,是医务人员锐器伤防护的重点。OBJECTIVE To investigate the causes of sharp instrument injuries in health care workers,links,distribution of populations,types of the sharp injuries,and exposures to blood,body fluid so as to observe the epidemiological characteristics of the sharp injuries and ensure the medical safety.METHODS A total of 174 health care workers who had the sharp injuries from Jan 2012 to Dec 2015 were enrolled in the study,then the registration forms of medical sharp injuries were filled out by the enrolled patients,the surveillance data that were collected during the four years were investigated,and the statistical analysis of data was performed with the use of SPSS17.0software.RESULTS Of the 174 health care workers who had the sharp injuries,53.45% were nurses,and40.23% were doctors;36.20% had the sharp injuries in the operating room;32.76% had the sharp injuries caused by suture needles,32.18% had the sharp injuries caused by syringe needles.The health care workers with no more than 10 years of working age and the male health care workers tended to have the sharp injuries,and there was significant difference（P〈0.05）;the health care workers were prone to have the sharp injuries during the day shift,and there was significant difference（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION The operating room is the predominant department where the sharp injuries are prevalent in the health care workers;the sharp injuries that are caused by the suture needles and syringe needles are most common,which are the key points for prevention of sharp injuries in the health care workers.

关 键 词：锐器伤 流行病学特点 回顾性调查 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]