防氚高分子复合材料的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of polymer composite materials for tritium

作　　者：游国强[1] 刘占旗[1] 张文宇[1] 郑建国[1] 赵怀璞[1] 蘧艳峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2016年第3期53-57,共5页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：国防预先研究课题(61601030304)资助~~

摘　　要：利用氯化聚乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯(Polyvinylidene chloride,PVDC)、高密度聚乙烯等高分子材料复合防氚材料。采用渗透实验测量氚气渗透率;通过测量断裂强力和剥离力测量力学性能;通过测量浸泡化学试剂前后的溶失率、断裂强力下降率、剥离力下降率等表征材料的耐化学性能。结果表明,氚气在防氚高分子复合材料中的渗透率为3.44×10-10 m3/(m2?s);与PVC相比,氚气渗透率降低约70倍。PVDC薄膜复合后断裂强力提高约20倍,经纬向断裂强力为721 N。防氚高分子复合材料浸泡5种化学试剂后,最大溶失率为0.29%、断裂强力最大下降率为5.1%,其力学性能、耐化学性能均满足《防护服装酸碱类化学品防护服》(GB24540-2009)等相关标准的要求。Composite materials for tritium were determined through the technique of trapping the permeating tritium with water. Testing on mechanical properties such as tensile experiment was performed for both Polyvinylidene chloride （PVDC） films and composite materials. Chemical performance was determined by calculating the dissolved rate in the acid and alkali, breaking strength, loss rate and stripping strength loss rate. The results showed that the gas tritium permeability through the composite materials was 3.44×10^-10 m3/（m2.s）, 1/70 relative to the PVC films. The fracture strength of PVDC films was increased by about 20 times, and the warp and weft breaking strength was 721 N. After the immersion of 5 kinds of chemical reagents, the maximum loss ratio of 0.29% and the maximum decrease of the breaking strength were 5.1%. Mechanical properties and chemical performance of tritium proof polymer composite meet the demand of Protective clothing-protective clothing against liquid acids and alkalis（GB 24540-2009）.

关 键 词：复合材料 渗透 防氚 

分 类 号：TL752.3[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]