生物活性炭老化对滤池过滤阻力和处理效果的影响  

Effect of aged biological activated carbon on the filtration resistance and performance of biological activated carbon filter

作　　者：刘璟言 卢小燕 尤作亮[2] 张金松[2] 郭建宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]深圳市水务(集团)有限公司,广东深圳518033

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第6期1752-1756,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水专项深圳市配套(2009ZX07423-003);中国博士后科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：利用饮用水厂运行10年的生物活性炭(BAC)装填滤柱,研究活性炭老化对滤柱过滤阻力和处理效果的影响.结果表明,活性炭老化会产生大量小粒径颗粒炭,沉积于活性炭池表层的小粒径颗粒炭产生的过滤阻力是滤柱总阻力的主要来源,其比阻约为底层炭的22倍.强化反冲洗仅可降低初始过滤阻力,移除表层细炭是降低活性炭滤池阻力的有效方法.强化反冲洗对滤柱过滤性能无显著影响.移除表层细炭后,老化活性炭滤柱对总有机碳的去除率由24.71%下降至7.04%,而后恢复至移除前的水平.移除表层炭后老化活性炭对UV_(254)和大于2μm颗粒数的去除率与对照组活性炭相似.降低活性炭滤池的反冲强度、延长过滤周期是延长老化活性炭寿命的有效方法.Biological activated carbon （BAC） used for about 10years was collected from drinking water treatment plant. The filtration resistance and performance of the aged BAC filter were investigated. The ageing of BAC produced a lot of small BAC particles. The small particles deposited on the surface of the BAC column after backwash and formed a dense filtration layer. The specific resistance of the dense filtration layer was 22 times higher than that of the deep layer of the aged BAC column. Enhanced backwash only decreased the initial filtration resistance and the removal of the dense filtration layer was the most effective method to reduce the filtration resistance. Enhanced backwash had no significant effect on the performance of the aged BAC column. The removal efficiency of the total organic carbon decreased from 24.71% to 7.04% after the removal of the dense filtration layer. However, the removal efficiencies of UV254 and particle count larger than 2μm did not change greatly and the values were nearly the same as those of the control group. There are several methods to increase the life cycle of the aged BAC, including decreasing the backwashing strength and prolonging the filtration cycle.

关 键 词：生物活性炭 粒径 过滤阻力 饮用水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]