樟子松、油松、蒙古栎水分利用效率种间变化及其对环境因子的响应差异  

Water Use Efficiency of Pinus sylvestris,Pinus tabulaeformis,Quercus mongolica and Their Response Differences to Environmental Factors

作　　者：李景浩[1,2] 李慧[1,2] 魏亚伟[1,2] 张淞著 朱文旭[1,2] 邓继峰[1,2] 宋依璇 周永斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,沈阳110866 [2]辽宁辽河平原森林生态系统定位研究站,昌图112500

出　　处：《植物研究》2016年第4期581-587,共7页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41450007);林业公益性行业科研专项(201304216);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD20B08)~~

摘　　要：以碳同位素值(δ^(13)C)作为反映植物水分利用效率的指标,对辽宁地区3种典型林型—樟子松人工林(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)、油松人工林(Pinus tabulaeformis)和蒙古栎天然林(Quercus mongolica Fischer ex Ledebour)进行调查并分别对樟子松、油松和蒙古栎进行样品采集,探讨其水分利用效率之间的差异特征及其对年均降水量、年均大气温度和海拔高度变化的响应。樟子松、油松和蒙古栎δ^(13)C值变化范围分别为-30.37‰^-25.10‰、-30.32‰^-24.07‰和-29.85‰^-23.51‰,且随经度的增加显著降低;统计分析也表明,樟子松、油松和蒙古栎δ^(13)C值在辽西显著高于辽东,说明3种树种水分利用效率在辽西较高。进一步分析发现,3种树种叶片δ^(13)C值受年均降水量和海拔的影响较大,均随年均降水量增加显著降低,随海拔的升高显著增大,而受温度的影响较小;其中,又以樟子松的水分利用效率受海拔的影响较大(P<0.01);与蒙古栎相比,樟子松和油松受降水量的影响更加明显。综上所述,3种树种叶片δ^(13)C值以及由其衍生来的水分利用效率之间种间差异较小,而受环境因子及地理学指标降雨、海拔和经度的影响较大,这为今后基于δ^(13)C值的水分利用效率进一步科学研究奠定了基础。By using C-isotope （ leaf δ13 C value） as an evaluated WUE of three typical trees of Pinus sylvestris index of long-term water use efficiency （WUE）, we var. mongolica （ P. sylvestris ）, P. tabulaeformis （ P. tabulaeformis） and Q. mongolica Fischer ex Ledebour（ Q. mongolica） in Liaoning Province and their responses to environmental factors involving annual average precipitation, annual average air temperature and altitude. The δ13C values of these three trees were -30.37‰- -25.10‰, -30.32‰ - -24.07‰ and -29.85‰ - -23.51‰, respectively, and the δ13C values in three trees leaf were decreased with the longitudes. By statistical analysis, δ13C of three trees were evident higher in western part of Liaoning province than the eastern part, indicating that trees in western Liaoning was higher. Further analysis found that the δ13C values in three trees leaf were greatly influenced by the average with annual average precipitation, and increased annual precipitation and altitude, and decreased significantly with altitude, but the δ13C values in three trees leaf were less influenced by the temperature. The WUE were much robust influenced by the altitude in P. sylvestris （P 〈 0.01 ）. Besides, much more significant effective in WUE-precipitation was found in P. sylvestris and P. tabulaeformis compared with Q. mongolica. Therefore, it is difficult to identify WUE inter-species differences based on leaf δ13C, which were greatly response to environmental factors as rainfall and altitude. Our findings will lay the foundation for future scientific studies of WUE based on the δ13C.

关 键 词：δ13C值 水分利用效率 降水量 气温 海拔 

分 类 号：Q143[生物学—生态学]