抗战时期“民族复兴节”的设立与纪念  

The Establishment and Commemoration of “National Revival Festival” during the Anti Japanese War

作　　者：郑大华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《河北学刊》2016年第4期48-55,共8页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2013年度国家社会科学基金特别委托课题<中国梦与中华民族复兴历程研究>(13@ZH018);中国社会科学院创新工程重大招标课题<实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦研究>

摘　　要：抗战时期中国设立的"民族复兴节"源于"西安事变"和平解决,所定时间是"西安事变"和平解决、蒋介石返回南京的12月25日。"西安事变"一周年的1937年12月25日,人们开始自发将12月25日作为"民族复兴节"加以纪念。1939年,"民族复兴节"在形式上取得了官定革命节日地位,各种纪念活动和纪念文章大量出现。除去一般谈民族复兴的文章外,就纯粹的纪念文章来看,可以分为三个方面的内容:一是从与云南起义纪念日和圣诞日的比较、联系中,肯定民族复兴节的重要意义;二是从停止一切内战,实现全民族的真诚团结,建立和巩固抗日民族统一战线的视角出发,肯定民族复兴节的重要意义;三是把"西安事变"和平解决归功于蒋介石"伟大人格的感召",并极力颂扬和美化蒋介石,认为只有绝对服从蒋介石的领导,才能实现民族复兴。尽管由于政治、宗教和文化取向的差异以及关注点的不同等原因,人们对民族复兴节的内涵或意义有着不同的解读,但把12月25日确定为"民族复兴节"并进行纪念,它表达出的是人们对中华民族复兴的渴望和民族复兴思潮在"七七事变"后的高涨及其巨大的社会影响力。The establishment of ＂National Revival Festival＂ during the Anti Japanese War comes from the peaceful solution of ＂Xi＇an Incident＂ and its date is December 25, when Chiang Kai -shek returned to Nanjing. In 1937, people began to spontaneously put December 25 as a＂ National Revival Festival＂ to commemorate, and in 1939, this festival was officially sanctioned, so a variety of commemorative activities and a large number of commemorative articles appeared, which can be divided into three categories. First, the importance of this festival was affirmed. Second, the significance of this festival was expounded by stopping civil wars and establishing Anti - Japanese National United Front. Third, Chiang Kai - shed was much praised for his greatness. It can be seen from these that December 25 as ＂National Revival Festival＂ showed the Chinese people longed for national revival as well as its social influence.

关 键 词：西安事变 民族复兴 民族复兴节 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]