枸杞岛潮间带表层沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态危害  

Heavy metal contaminants and their potential ecological threats in the surface sediments of the intertidal zone in Gouqi Island

作　　者：黄宏[1] 赵旭[1] 陈亮然 丁溪萍 章守宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海市浦东新区环境监测站,上海200135

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第3期361-365,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41176110);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005013-3)

摘　　要：随着人为活动或干扰带来的污染物负荷的持续增加,海洋潮间带的环境压力日趋严重,然而重金属污染对潮间带的生态影响研究鲜见报道。以生物资源丰富的枸杞岛潮间带为研究区域,于2013年7月对7个站点表层沉积物中6种常见的重金属进行了调查,并通过单因子污染指数法、Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对污染现状及潜在生态危害进行了评价。结果表明,枸杞岛潮间带表层沉积物中Zn、Cu、As、Pb、Cd、Hg的平均质量比分别为91.33 mg/kg、34.12 mg/kg、6.62 mg/kg、4.40 mg/kg、2.14 mg/kg和0.04 mg/kg(干重)。除Cd超出我国GB 18668—2002《海洋沉积物质量标准》中的二类标准外,其余5种重金属质量比均满足一类标准。Cd、Hg和Pb的质量比在各站点间差异较大,Cu、Zn、As空间分布比较均匀。重金属残留水平与总有机碳质量分数有较明显的相关性,但与微粒径组分相关性不显著。污染及潜在生态风险评价结果都显示,Cd污染为中等到重度污染水平,其余重金属为轻微污染。总体来说枸杞岛潮间带沉积物生态风险较轻微,但存在Cd生态污染危害的风险。The given paper is concerned about the heavy metal contaminants and their potential ecological threat to the surface sediments of the intertidal zone in Gouqi Island. We Chose 7 sites of the intertidal zone of Gouqi Island and collected and analyzed the sediment samples in July, 2013 in terms of the contaminated concentrations of heavy metals. Furthermore, we have assessed the heavy metal pollution and the potential ecological threat or hazard via a single factor index and Hakanson ecological index （RI）. The results of our investigation and analysis have shown that the average contents of Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd and Hg. in the sediments account for 91. 33 mg/kg, 34. 12 mg/kg, 6. 62 mg/kg, 4.40 mg/kg, 2. 14 mg/kg and 0.04 mg/kg （dw）, respectively. And, as the result of our observation, we have found that the mean content of Cd tends to be exceeding the standard criteria II of MSQ （China Marine Sediment Quality）, with the contamination of other heavy metals meeting the criteria MSQ - I. Particularly speaking, the spatial variations can be found with the contents of Cd, Pb and Hg, rather than with the contents of Cu, Zn and As in the said samples. The concentrations of heavy met- als have been found positively correlated with the total organic carbon （TOC） content, but not with the fine grain size （FGS）. At the same time, the single factor index of the pollution has shown that the heavy metals contamination level tends to be in a descending order of Cd 〉 Cu 〉 Zn 〉 As 〉 Hg 〉 Pb. And, specific- ally speaking, the contamination degree of Cd turns to be from the moderate to the heavy one, with Cu, Zn, As, Hg, Pb being at a slight grade. If the evaluation were to be done by taking the Hakanson potential ecological hazards, the index value based on Cd concentration turns to be higher in all the sampling sites, thus imposing a potential threat to the regular marine life. Therefore, it can be concluded that the overall evaluation results suggest that the ecological hazards of heavy metals in the Isl

关 键 词：环境学 重金属 潜在生态风险 枸杞岛 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程]