颞骨骨折及骨折所致面神经麻痹  

Temporal bone fracture and facial paralysis caused by temporal bone fracture

作　　者：赵亮[1] 李健东[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电网有限公司北京电力医院耳鼻咽喉科,北京100073

出　　处：《中国医学文摘（耳鼻咽喉科学）》2016年第3期159-162,共4页Chinese Medical Digest(Otorhinolaryngology)

摘　　要：面神经麻痹是颞骨骨折后较为常见的并发症,本文回顾多篇中英文文献,对颞骨骨折流行病学资料,生物力学研究数据,骨折分型的历史演变做了总结。对骨折后面神经麻痹的流行病资料,面神经麻痹在骨折后出现时机与预后关系,面神经在损伤后病理生理表现做了分析。介绍了骨折后面神经麻痹的保守治疗情况,早期面神经减压手术时机、径路、操作技巧的演变,远期面神经麻痹的神经转接,跨面神经移植技术等神经修复技术的发展。结论是早期面神经减压手术的时机和径路没有统一标准,晚期的神经转接与跨面神经移植手术难度大,过程较为复杂,最终的恢复效果与患者期望值之间仍有差距。Facial nerve paralysis is a common complication following temporal bone fracture. A literature review was carried out, and the epidemiological data, bio-mechanieal data and historical evolution of fracture types of temporal bone fracture were summarized in the report. Epidemiological data of facial nerve paralysis after temporal bone fracture, the relationship between the timing following the fracture and prognosis of facial nerve paralysis, and the pathophysiologieal manifestations following facial nerve injuries were analyzed. The conservative treatment of facial nerve paralysis after temporal bone fracture was introduced. In ad- dition, the report also introduced evolution of the timing, approach and surgical skills of early facial nerve decompression, and the development of nerve repair techniques, such as late facial nerve connection, cross-facial nerve grafting techniques, etc. It is con- eluded that there is no uniform standard for timing and approach of early facial nerve decompression surgery and late nerve connection and cross-facial nerve grafting are quite difficult and complex. There still is a gap between the final outcomes and patients ＇ expectation.

关 键 词：颞骨(Temporal Bone) 骨折(Fracture):面神经(Facifl Nerve) 麻痹(Paralysis) 

分 类 号：R277.751.2[医药卫生—中医学]