宁夏农村生活污水处理系统现状调查与问题分析  

An Investigation of Present Situation and an Analysis of Problems in Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Ningxia

作　　者：贺婧[1] 李小宇[1] 罗玲玲[1] 钟艳霞[1] 杨丽芳[1] 梁东[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第6期123-127,132,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目"典型农村生活污水集中处理过程中功能性微生物研究"(NGY2014060);宁夏大学研究生创新项目"宁夏典型农村人工湿地污水处理系统微生物净化污水能力研究"(GIP2015003)

摘　　要：宁夏作为国家首批农村环境连片整治示范省区,农村环境综合整治项目已实施多年,其农村生活污水处理现状及存在问题的研究不仅有利于宁夏地区下一步工作的深入开展,而且为西部多省区示范项目的开展奠定基础。采用典型解析与系统归纳相结合的方法对宁夏农村生活污水处理系统进行调查分析,分析发现宁夏全区农村生活污水处理系统主要以人工湿地、地埋式一体化、化粪池、土壤渗滤系统为主;污水处理系统对CODcr、SS、NH3-N、BOD5有较好的祛除效果,而对TP、粪大肠杆菌去除效果较差;实地调研发现,部分污水处理系统虽已建成但运行管理存在诸多问题。针对突出问题在资金、管理、系统设计、运行等方面提出建议及对策。Ningxia being the first batch of rural environmental demonstration areas,the project of comprehensive treatment of rural environment has already been implemented several years.Studying present situation and problems analysis of rural domestic sewage treatment in Ningxia not only has advantages to implement successfully in the future,but also lays a foundation for the project implementation in West China.Through investigating and analyzing statistics,the major of sewage treatment systems in surrounding villages of Ningxia are constructed wetlands,the integrated underground system of living sewage disposal,septic tank,soil aquifer treatment system.Based on（water quality monitoring）monitoring of water quality finding that sewage treatment systems have high removal efficiency for CODcr,SS,NH3-N,BOD5,while the removal efficiency of TP,fecal coliform are low,part of sewage treatment systems has been built up without operating.Due to insufficient funds and bad management,which contributes to low operation efficiency of sewage treatment systems,failing to make full use of its function.Consequences,the proposals to solve the problem of waste-water treatment systems and measures are put forward.

关 键 词：宁夏 农村生活污水 污水处理系统 调查分析 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV211.1[农业科学—农业工程]