基于总出口价值分解的全球价值链结构分析  

Analysis of the Global Value Chain Structure Based on the Decomposition of Gross Export value

作　　者：董也琳[1] 陈东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2016年第3期51-60,共10页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：江苏省2014年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(KYLX_0005);国家社科基金青年项目(13CJL021)

摘　　要：基于总出口价值分解模型,解读各价值模块的经济含义,并从静态结构、动态变化角度,分析代表性国家参与国际贸易的特征、嵌入GVC的方式及变化。发现以美、日、欧为代表的发达国家依靠知识科技竞争力优势嵌入GVC上游环节,但金融危机后,随着美国RDV比重逐渐下降和美、德NEI缓慢上升,意味着发达国家嵌入GVC位置处于下降通道;而以中国为代表的发展中国家以劳动力成本优势嵌入GVC下游环节,金融危机后中国VAX比重和NEI逐年下滑,但RDV比重小幅上升,说明中国正逐渐实现出口产业结构优化升级,在发展动力上正由外需拉动转向内需替代。进一步地,通过比较双边总贸易和增加值贸易进出口差额,分析了五国参与全球出口贸易特征,构画了五国线性全球价值链模型。This paper decomposes the national gross export into four value models,and analyzes individual and structural characteristics of the four value models from a static and dynamic point of view. We have found that： developed countries such as the US,Japan,and Germany are embedded in the upstream of GVC,backed by their advanced level of technology.But after the financial crisis,RDV ratio of the USA has decreased gradually,and at the same time NEI of the US and Germany increases steadily,which implies that the position of the developed countries in the GVC is moving downward. Developing countries like China are imbedded in the downstream of GVC because of their labor cost advantage. After the financial crisis,China＇s VAX and NEI ratio falls gradually,which implies that China is improving the structure of export industries and moving priorities to the domestic market. In addition,this paper pictures the five countries GVCs by comparing the bilateral export surplus based on statistics of the gross and value added export.

关 键 词：全球价值链 总出口价值模块 新出口强度 双边增加值贸易 价值链结构 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]