不同施肥处理对温室气体排放和花菜产量及品质的影响  

Effects of different fertilization treatments on greenhouse gas emission and cauliflower yield and quality

作　　者：吕卫光[1] 郑宪清[1] 李双喜[1] 何七勇[1] 张翰林[1] 王金庆[1] 张娟琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,农业部上海农业环境与耕地保育科学观测实验站,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海市农业环境保护监测站,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2016年第3期78-82,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农科院青年基金(QJ21);上海市科委基础研究领域项目(13JC1404800);上海市农口青年成长项目[沪农青字(2014)第1-25号];上海市长三角国内合作项目(14395810602);上海市科技兴农推广项目[沪农科推字(2013)第4-1号];国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAK69B18)

摘　　要：采用大田小区试验,综合考察单施化肥(H)、有机肥配施化肥(HY)、秸秆还田配施化肥(HJ)对CH_4、CO_2和N_O3种温室气体排放规律、花菜产量和品质的影响。试验结果表明:HJ处理显著提升CH_4季节累积排放通量,分别高出H和HY两处理22.86%和13.16%。H处理增加N_2O、CO_2季节累积排放通量,较HY处理分别高出23.66%和24.44%,较HJ处理高出了9.63%和11.88%。HY、HJ两处理花菜产量及花球中Vc含量、蛋白质含量和可溶性糖含量比对照H处理均有不同程度提高,其中产量分别提高16.25%和17.92%,Vc分别提高8.79%和8.08%,蛋白质分别提高20.99%和16.67%,可溶性糖含量分别提高15.79%和20.47%。综合考量增温潜势、温室气体排放强度、花菜产量及品质等指标,试验表明:HJ、HY两处理能明显降低温室气体增温潜势及排放强度,提高花菜的产量及品质。Plot experiments with cauliflower were conducted under different fertilization treatments：single application of chemical fertilizer（H）,mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers（HY）,and straw manuring and application of chemical fertilizer（HJ）.The experimental results showed that the HJ treatment significantly increased the cumulative seasonal CH_4 emission by 22.86%and 13.16%respectively over the H and HY treatments.The H treatment increased the cumulative seasonal N_2O and CO_2 emissions respectively by23.66%and 24.44%over the HY treatment and respectively by 9.63%and 11.88%over the HJ treatment.Both HY and HJ treatments made the cauliflower yield and the cauliflower＇ s vitamin C,protein and soluble sugar contents higher than the H treatment,the yield increasing by 16.25%and 17.92%,the vitamin C increasing by8.79%and 8.08%,the protein increasing by 20.99%and 16.67%,and the soluble sugar increasing by15.79%and 20.47%.Comprehensively considering such indexes as global warming potential,greenhouse gas intensity,and cauliflower yield and quality,both HY and HJ treatments were better,obviously decreasing greenhouse gas warming potential and intensity and improving cauliflower yield and quality.

关 键 词：花椰菜 产量 品质 温室气体 施肥试验 

分 类 号：S635.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]