青海地区急性创伤患者创伤类型分析  

Analysis on the Types of Emergency Trauma at Qinghai Area

作　　者：钱惠岗[1] 樊建林[1] 公保才旦[1] 陈元清[1] 张建涛[1] 吴畏[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省人民医院急救中心,810007

出　　处：《高原医学杂志》2016年第1期5-7,共3页Journal of High Altitude Medicine

基　　金：青海省(应用)基础研究计划项目(No.2013-Z-742)

摘　　要：目的：分析青海地区创伤急救的流行病学特点，为创伤急救的诊治提供客观依据。方法：分析2010年1月-2014年12月由本院急诊科（青海省成人急救中心）急救的52652例创伤患者的资料。结果：创伤患者中男性60．0％，女性40．0％，青壮年（13～59）岁占79．5％。近5年来急诊外科三大类疾病（创伤、急腹症及其他）的变化主要素现在创伤患者数量的快速增加，j572．3％。在创伤原因中，交通事故占48．6％，社会治安占24．7％，建筑工伤占8．7％。创伤ISS评分：〈16分占57．7％，（16～24）分占23．2％，≥25分19．2％。主要创伤部位以脊柱及四肢损伤47．8％及颅脑损伤34．0％的发生率为最高。主要致死性损伤部位：头部外伤66．0％，腹部损伤14．5％，胸部创伤19．2％。结论：青海地区加强学校、驾驶员培训，工业、建筑业等安全教育可能是预防创伤的重要途径。Objective ： To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute trauma in Qinghai region, provide an objective basis for trauma diagnosis and treatment . Methods：52 652 cases with acute trauma come from emer- gency department （Qinghai adult emergency center） of our hospital during January 2010 to December 2014 were selected as subjects. Results：Among all the patients with acute trauma , male occupied for 60.0%, female occu- pied for 40.0% , young adults （ 13 to 59 years old） occupied for 79.5%. In recent five years, the number of trau- ma patients were rapidly increased to 72.3 % among the main three types of surgical emergency （ trauma, acute ab- domen and others） . Among all traumatic causes, traffic accidents were accounted for 48.56% , public security e- vents accounted for 24.7% , construction injuries accounted for 8. 270/0, respectively. Trauma Score （ISS） of all the acute traumatic patients were score 〈 16 accounted for 57.7% ; score 16 to score 24 accounted for 23.2% ; score 〉125 accounted for 19.2%. Among the main injured location, the spine and limbs （47.8%） or craniocere- bral injury （34.0%） were the highest. The main fatal injury was head trauma （66.0%） , abdominal injuries （14.5%）and chest trauma （19.2%）. Conclusion：In Qinghai regions, it is important for strengthening the trau- matic safety education to prevent injuries in students, drivers, workers from factories and construction sites.

关 键 词：创伤 青海地区 类型 

分 类 号：R641[医药卫生—外科学]