基于磁共振成像的ADHD脑沟形态学研究  

Study on sulcal morphology of ADHD patients based on MRI

作　　者：王韶怡 李淑宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《北京生物医学工程》2016年第3期221-225,266,共6页Beijing Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(375474)资助

摘　　要：目的注意力缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是一种常见的以注意缺陷、多动、冲动等为临床表现的儿童精神疾病,并伴随大脑结构和功能上的异常。相比于传统的皮质厚度等度量,脑沟的形态学特征分析,能更有效刻画大脑灰质和白质的异常。脑沟曲面是脑灰质和脑脊液的分界面,其优点是具有良好的对比度,受年龄、疾病因素影响较小。本文分析了ADHD患者与正常儿童脑沟形态学的差异,为ADHD的诊断提供新的依据。方法本文以NITRC数据库中19名ADHD患者和50名正常儿童的磁共振图像为研究对象,利用Brain VISA软件提取大脑18条主要脑沟,并测量它们的长度、深度、曲面积等形态学参数。排除年龄性别差异后,最后利用统计学方法分析ADHD患者与正常儿童在这些脑沟的形态学参数中有无显著性差异。结果同正常儿童相比,ADHD患者左侧中央后沟和右侧枕叶的沟的平均深度显著增大,左侧额下沟的平均长度显著减少。结论 ADHD患者大脑的顶叶、枕叶及额叶的脑沟与正常儿童相比有形态学上的差异。这些病变可能与神经系统的早期发育有关,有助于进一步探究ADHD的神经发育机制。Objective Attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder（ ADHD） is a kind of childhood-onset disease characterized by inattention,impulsivity,hyperactivity as well as widespread structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. Compared to the analysis of cortical thickness,the sulcal morphology is a much more effective analytical method to characterize the abnormalities of the gray matter and white matter. This analysis is based on MRI contrast between gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid which remains stable through the life-span,allowing for age-independent measurements. We compare the sulci morphological differences between the ADHD and the healthy children to help the diagnosis of ADHD. Methods Structural MR images were obtained from 69children（ 50 control and 19 ADHD）. We used the Brain VISA software to extract 9 sulci for each hemisphere from the MR images and calculated the morphological measures（ length,depth,surface area） of these sulci. Finally statistical analysis was used to compare the differences in the sulcal morphology between the control and the ADHD group. Results We found significant increase in the average depth of the left postcentral and the right occipital sulcus,as well as increased average length of the left inferior in ADHD patients compared with normal controls. Conclusions Children with ADHD showed structural abnormalities of the sulci in the frontal lobe,parietal lobe and occipital lobe. This would be consistent with onset early in neural development andcould help to identify neurodevelopmental mechanisms that contribute to ADHD.

关 键 词：注意力缺陷多动障碍 磁共振成像 脑沟 BrainVISA 大脑形态学 

分 类 号：R318.04[医药卫生—生物医学工程]