计及电动汽车换电站储能的负荷频率控制  

Research on Load Frequency Control Considering Energy Storage in Electric Vehicle Battery Swapping Stations

作　　者：谢平平[1] 李银红[1] 石东源[1] 

机构地区：[1]强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学),武汉430074

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2016年第12期193-203,210,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重大项目(2011AA05A109)

摘　　要：将电动汽车换电站储能引入传统负荷频率控制(LFC)问题中,提出了计及换电站与电网互动(S2G)的LFC新模型。该模型将控制区域内换电站等效为大容量虚拟储能电站,采用基于滤波方法的LFC协调控制策略分配调节功率,能够避免过度调频对换电站电池寿命的影响。在换电站建模方面,提出了基于蒙特卡洛随机模拟的换电站可控容量计算方法,建立了考虑电池荷电状态(SOC)及换电站可控容量约束的S2G集中等效模型。通过两区域互联LFC系统仿真验证了模型的有效性和正确性,相关分析表明S2G辅助调频能显著抑制频率偏差和联络线功率偏差的波动,提高LFC系统的动态控制性能。The energy storage in electric vehicle battery swapping station（BSS） was taken account into basic load frequency control（LFC）. Thus a new LFC model considering the interaction between BSS and power grid, called station-to-grid（S2G）, was proposed for the first time. The BSS in control area can be considered as virtual energy storage station of large capacity in this model. A filter-based LFC coordinated strategy was used to allocate the regulation power in order to reduce the impacts of over regulation on battery degradation. In modeling of BSS, a Monte Carlo（MC） simulation method was proposed to calculate the controllable capacity in BSS. Then, a lumped equivalent S2G model considering the constraints of battery state of charge（SOC） and BSS controllable capacity was established. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed model were illustrated by a two-area interconnected LFC system simulation. Relative analysis demonstrates that the supplementary regulation by S2G can significantly suppress the fluctuations of frequency deviation and tie-line power bias, accordingly improve the dynamic control performance of LFC system.

关 键 词：电动汽车 换电站 负荷频率控制 储能 电动汽车与电网互动 

分 类 号：TM732[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]