不同肠内营养时间对极低出生体重儿营养摄入及生长发育的影响  

Effect of different enteral nutrition time on nutrition intake and growth and development of very-low-birth-weight infants

作　　者：熊伟[1] 邱其周[1] 陈虹余[1] 刘仁红[1] 程贵辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属深圳沙井医院新生儿科,广东深圳518104

出　　处：《中国中西医结合儿科学》2016年第3期283-286,共4页Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究不同肠内营养时间对极低出生体重儿营养摄入及生长发育的影响.方法 2013年4月至2014年6月广州医科大学附属深圳沙井医院新生儿科收治极低出生体重儿130例,根据肠内营养开始时间不同分为≤3d组47例、4～6 d组48例和≥7d组35例.比较3组患儿奶量增长情况、总胆红素水平;体质量和身长,计算其生长速度;感染、坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）发生率.结果 （1）营养摄入情况：3组患儿的奶量、总胆红素水平比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.≤3d组的奶量多于4～6 d组和≥7d组,总胆红素水平低于4～6 d组和≥7d组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）生长发育情况：肠内营养开始后2、3、4周时,3组患儿体质量生长速度、身长生长速度比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.（3）感染、NEC发生率：130例极低出生体重儿中,发生感染35例（26.92％）,NEC 1例（0.77％）.3组患儿感染率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;≤3d组感染率明显低于≥7d组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.017）.3组患儿NEC发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 出生后3d内进行肠内营养有助于改善营养摄入情况,降低感染发生率,同时不会影响生长发育.Objective To study the effect of different enteral nutrition time on nutrition intake and growth and development of very-low-birth-weight infants. Methods Totally 130 cases of very-low-birth- weight infants in our hospital from April 2013 to June 2014 were enrolled and divided into 3 groups： ≤3d group, 4 - 6d group and ≥7 d group, according to different starting time of enteral nutrition. Then milk quantity, total bilirubin levels, body weight and body length were detected; body weight and body length growth rate,and incidence of infection and NEC were compared. Results （1） Nutritional intake：milk quantity and total bilirubin levels of three groups were different;milk quantity of ≤3d group was higher than that of 4 6d group and ≥7d group; total bilirubin level was lower than that of 4-6d group and ≥7d group. （2） Growth and development condition： body weight and body length growth rate of three groups were not different. （3） Infection：infection rate of ≤3d group was obviously lower than ≥7d group. There was no statistically significance on NEC among three groups. Conclusion Enteral nutrition 3 days after birth can improve nutrition intake, reduce the incidence of infection,and at the same time it does not affect the growth and development.

关 键 词：极低出生体重儿 肠内营养 营养摄入 生长发育 婴儿 新生 

分 类 号：R722.19[医药卫生—儿科]