北京市公办养老机构床位使用现状及其影响因素调查研究  

Investigation on Current Status and Influencing Factors of Bed Utilization of Public Long-term Care Facilities in Beijing

作　　者：马晓雯[1] 杜佳敏 谢红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学护理学院,北京市100191

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2016年第17期2072-2077,共6页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(13BRK003)

摘　　要：目的：调查北京市公办养老机构床位使用现状及其影响因素，为养老资源的充分利用提供参考。方法2014年8月采用方便抽样法选取北京市196所公办养老机构。发放问卷196份，回收有效问卷196份，有效回收率为100.0％。问卷由社会福利行业协会组织的专家进行设计，内容包括：基本特征、收住情况、员工情况、社会福利与医疗保障情况，将原始数据处理后生成新变量，以便进行机构之间的比较。采用单因素分析和序数回归分析北京市公办养老机构床位使用率的影响因素。结果196所北京市公办养老机构床位使用率为42.3％（17.4％，76.4％）；其中床位使用率为0～25.9％的北京市公办养老机构有64所（占32.7％），床位使用率为26.0％～50.9％的北京市公办养老机构有51所（占26.0％），床位使用率为51.0％～75.9％的北京市公办养老机构有31所（占15.8％），床位使用率为76.0％～100.0％的北京市公办养老机构有50所（占25.5％）。不同床位使用率北京市公办养老机构所在区县、床均占地面积、床位投保率、收住社会人群所占比例、收住＜60岁人群所占比例、收住60～69岁人群所占比例、收住80～89岁人群所占比例、收住≥90岁人群所占比例、收住不能自理人群所占比例、工作人员总数、床均工作人员数、有无医生、有无护士、床均护理员数、床均经指定机构培训的护理员数、有无经卫生部门批准的医疗保障、医疗保障是否纳入医保定点、是否与就近医疗机构签订医疗保障协议比较，差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。序数回归分析结果显示，床位投保率、收住社会人群所占比例、床均护理员数、床均经指定机构培训的护理员数是北京市公办养老机构床位使用率的影响因素（P ＜0.05）。结论北京市公办养老机构床位使用率参差不齐，管理者及政策制订者可�Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the bed utilization of public long -term care facilities in Beijing,which may provide reference for the full use of the long - term care resources. Methods In August 2014,a questionnaire survey was conducted among a convenience sample of 196 public long - term care facilities in Beijing. A total of 196 questionnaires were sent out,196 questionnaires were effective,and the valid response rate was 100. 0% . The questionnaire was designed by experts organized by social welfare association,the content include：the basic characteristics of the facility,the status of the bed utilization,the status of employees,social welfare and medical security,the original data were treated to generate new variable,thus the comparison among facilities could be carried out. Single factor analysis and ordinal regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of the bed occupancy rate of public long - term care facilities. Results The bed occupancy rate of 196 public long - term care facilities in Beijing was 42. 3% （17. 4% , 76. 4% ）;the bed utilization rate was 0 - 25. 9% in 64（32. 7% ） public long - term care facilities in Beijing,26. 0% -50. 9% in 51（26. 0% ）public long - term care facilities in Beijing,51. 0% - 75. 9% in 31（15. 8% ）public long - term care facilities in Beijing,and 76. 0% - 100. 0% in 50（25. 5% ）public long - term care facilities in Beijing. There were significant differences in the location,per bed floor space,insured bed rate,proportion of public residents,proportion of people less than 60 years old,proportion of people 60 to 69 years old,proportion of people 80 to 89 years old,proportion of people over 90 years,proportion of disabled elders,total of staffs,per bed number of staffs,doctors,nurses,per bed number of nursing＆amp;nbsp;attendants,per bed number of certified nursing attendants,health sector - approved medical security,medical insurance -covered medical security,and an agreement with nearby medica

关 键 词：养老机构 影响因素分析 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]