黑龙江水产研究所鲤育种概要  

A Review: Common Carp Breeding in Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute

作　　者：石连玉[1] 李池陶[1] 葛彦龙[1] 胡雪松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2016年第3期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-46-02);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD26B02)

摘　　要：本文主要概述黑龙江水产研究所鲤Cyprinus carpio育种工作历史,介绍杂交选育亲本的来源与生物学特点以及育成品种的选育方法、技术路线和优良性状。通过引入国内外名优鲤,采用常规杂交选育、多性状遗传分析和分子辅助育种等方法,本土化培育出多个适合北方寒冷地区养殖的鲤新品种。采用的亲本包括黑龙江鲤C.C.amurensis、荷包红鲤C.C.var.wuyuanensis、散鳞镜鲤C.C.var.specularis amurensis、德国镜鲤C.C.var.S.germanensis和大头鲤C.pellegrini。育成品种包括荷包红鲤抗寒品系、松浦鲤C.C.'Songpu'、松荷鲤C.C.'Songhe、松浦红镜鲤C.C.'Songpu red mirror'、德国镜鲤选育系F_4、松浦镜鲤C.C.var.S.'Songpu'和易捕鲤。这些品种都具有抗寒、抗逆、易捕和快速生长等特性,适合北方以及全国各地养殖,其中松荷鲤、松浦镜鲤占有很大的市场份额,为我国的渔业发展做出了巨大的贡献。This article historically summarized common carp （Cyprinus carpio ） breeding in Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research In- stitute in the past years. Several domestic and abroad famous carp varieties were introduced and then bred through the methods of con- ventional crossbreeding, multivariate genetic analysis and marker assisted breeding into many carp new varieties adapted to be farmed in Chinese northern cold region. The sources and biological features of crossbreeding parents and the breeding method, technical route and fine properties of bred carp varieties were investigated. The parents include Heilongjiang carp （C. C. var. amurensis ）, red purse carp （C. C. var. wuyuanensis ）, scattered mirror carp （C. C. var. specularis arnurensis ）, Germany mirror carp （C. C. vat. S. germanen- sis ） and barbless carp （C. pellegrini）. The bred varieties include Songpu carp （C. C.‘Songpu＇）, Songhe carp （C. C. ‘Songhe＇）, Ger- many mirror carp breeding strain F4, Songpu mirror carp （C. C. var. S. ‘Songpu＇ ）, Songpu red mirror carp （C. C. ‘Songpu red mirror＇ ） and easy-caught carp. They characterized by good growth, cold-resistant, high stress resistance, easy-caught and so on, suitable for cul- ture in the north and all over China. Among them Songhe carp and Songpu mirror carp hold a large market share, which makes a great contribution to fisheries development in China.

关 键 词：鲤 育种 荷包红鲤 松浦镜鲤 易捕鲤 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]