不同滴灌灌水方式对漫灌改滴灌成龄红枣的影响研究  

A Study on Effects of Drip Irrigation Modes on Perennial Red Jujube Under the Condition of Changing Flood Irrigation into Drip Irrigation

作　　者：胡家帅[1] 王振华[1] 郑旭荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第6期31-34,40,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC14B01-2)

摘　　要：研究不同滴灌灌水方式下不同灌水量对南疆沙区漫灌改滴灌成龄红枣株高、产量、水分利用效率和品质的影响,为南疆沙区成龄红枣漫灌改滴灌高效节水技术提供理论依据。以新疆第一师的沙区骏枣为试验材料,考虑滴灌方式和灌水量两个因素,设置6个不同的灌水处理和一个漫灌对照处理进行大田试验。改滴灌后根部点源灌水、均匀面源灌水红枣全观测期耗水量均呈单峰曲线趋势变化,耗水量均随着灌水量的增加而增加,相同灌水量条件下均匀面源灌水比根部点源灌水的耗水量低。根部点源灌水方式下随着灌水量的增加产量和水分利用效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势;均匀面源灌水方式下产量随着灌水量的增加逐渐增加,而水分利用效率随着灌水量的增加逐渐小幅度减小。在合理灌水量范围内,根区点源灌溉方式相比均匀面源灌溉方式在产量、水分利用效率、品质方面表现更优。This paper studies the effects of different drip irrigation modes and different irrigation water amount on the height,yield, water use efficiency and quality of red jujubes in the southern Xinjiang basin under the condition of changing flood irrigation into drip irrigation to provide the theory basis of high efficiency drip irrigation water saving technology for Red Jujube in the southern Xin-jiang.The jun-jujube in sand area of XinJiang is selected as the experimental material,the two factors of drip irrigation modes and ir-rigation water amount are considered,and six different irrigation treatments and a contrast treatment of flood irrigation are estab-lished to conduct field experiment.Under drip irrigation,both the water consumption values of the root point source irrigation and the uniform non-point source irrigation of red j uj ube show a change trend of unimodal curve during the whole observational period, the water consumption increase with the increase of irrigation water.Under the condition of same irrigation water amount,the water consumption of uniform non-point source irrigation mode is lower than that of the root point source irrigation mode.Under the root point source irrigation mode,with the increase of irrigation water amount,the yield and WUE（water use efficiency）show a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing.Under the uniform non-point source irrigation mode,with the increase of irrigation water a-mount,the yield increases,while WUE decreases with small amplitude.With a reasonable irrigation water amount,the root point source irrigation mode is better than the uniform non-point source irrigation mode in the aspects of yield,WUE and quality.

关 键 词：成龄红枣 漫灌改滴灌 根部点源灌水 均匀面源灌水 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程] S274.1[农业科学—农业工程]