溃疡性结肠炎的影像检查进展  

Advances in the imaging diagnosis of ulcerative colitis

作　　者：张亚男[1] 常泰[1] 郑新[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京中医医院放射科,北京100010

出　　处：《医学影像学杂志》2016年第6期1106-1110,共5页Journal of Medical Imaging

摘　　要：影像检查有助于早期诊断溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC),判断病情,并指导治疗方案的选择及评估疗效。经腹肠道超声简便易行,可用于UC活动性的判断及随访。钡灌肠对肠黏膜的病变非常敏感,但不能很好地显示并发症及肠外表现。计算机断层扫描结肠成像和肠道造影是近年来研究的热点,能全面地观察UC的肠壁和肠管内外病变,但对诊断早期UC不敏感,同时存在辐射的问题。随着技术的改进,磁共振成像实现了对运动脏器的成像,结合多方位、多序列、多参数成像,使其应用于UC成为可能。核素炎症定位显像和正电子发射型计算机断层显像对检出早期UC的灵敏度较高。Imaging is helpful to early diagnose ulcerative colitis（ UC）,evaluate patients＇ conditions. It also plays an important role in the decision of therapeutic plan,assessment of therapeutic effect. Transabdominal bowel ultrasonography can be utilized to detect active UC and follow up with simple and easy advantages. Barium enema is sensitive to intestinal mucosa lesions,but it does not reveal complications and extraintestinal manifestations well. Computed tomography colonoscopy and enterography are the research focus which can entirely observe bowel wall,intra and extra intestinal changes. However,they are insensitive to early diagnosis of UC. With the technique improved,magnetic resonance imaging has realized the imaging of moving organs and made it possible to apply in UC combined with multiple positions,multiple sequences and multiple parameters. Radionuclide imaging and positron emission computed tomography have high sensitivity of early detection of UC.

关 键 词：溃疡性结肠炎 体层摄影术 X线计算机 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R574.62[医药卫生—诊断学]