沈阳市小学生近视眼患病率流行病学调查及危险因素分析  

Analysis of prevalence rate epidemiology investigation and risk factors of myopia among pupils in Shenyang city

作　　者：刘宁宁[1] 孙晓楠[2] 陶军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院,沈阳110001 [2]沈阳市第四人民医院,沈阳110031

出　　处：《中国实用眼科杂志》2016年第6期636-639,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的对沈阳市小学生近视眼患病率进行抽样调查，分析其流行病学特征，并探讨危险及保护因素，探索积极的干预措施。方法选择2013年3-9月在沈阳市区内8所小学作为样本，对在校生共5525人进行近视眼患病特征及影响因素的调查分析。采用Logistic回归分析其危险及保护因素。结果近视眼患病率随学年增长而增加，女生的近视发病率高于男生。正确的读写姿势，平均每日读写时间小于6h，平均每日户外活动时间大于3．5h，父母均无近视可降低近视发病率。结论读写姿势，日平均近距离读写时间以及日平均户外活动时间是近视发生的主要影响因素。学校和家长应重视小学生的近视发病情况，合理安排学习和户外活动时间。Objective To investigate myopia prevalence of pupils in Shenyang city by sampling, analysis of the epidemiological characteristics, the risk and protective factors, and to explorethe positive intervention measures. Methods A total of 5525 students in 8 primary schools of Shenyang city were taken as a sample from March to September in 2013 for the investigation. Logistic regression analysis the risk and protective factors of myopia was used. Results The prevalence rate of myopia was increasing with age and the incidence rate of myopia of girls was higher than that of boys. The correct reading and writing posture, the average time for daily reading and writing less than 6 hours, the average time for daily outdoor activities more than 3.5 hours and without myopic parents could reduce the incidence rate of myopia. Conclusions The reading and writing posture, the average time for daily close reading and writing and the average time for outdoor activities are the main factors affecting the occurrence of myopia. The school and parents should pay attention to the incidence of myopia in primary school pupils and arrange time for learning and outdoor activities reasonably.

关 键 词：近视 流行病 危险因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]