高寒生态脆弱区农户的社会网络及其风险分担效果——以甘南高原为例  

The Farmers' Social Network and Its Risk Sharing Effect in High-Cold Ecological Fragile Region: A Case of Gannan Plateau in Gansu Province

作　　者：赵雪雁[1] 刘春芳[1] 严江平[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2016年第6期17-24,110,共8页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41361106);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(编号:NECT-11-0910);甘肃省高校基本科研业务费项目资助

摘　　要：本文以甘南高原为研究区域,基于农户调查数据分析了农户的社会网络及其风险分担行为特征,利用二元Logistic模型考察了社会网络对农户风险分担行为选择的影响以及基于社会网络的非正规风险分担行为的效果。结果表明,甘南高原农户的社会网络规模有限、支持能力低但紧密度高,基于社会网络的非正规风险分担机制是甘南高原农户应对风险的最重要手段但其风险分散空间狭小,提高社会网络的紧密度与支持能力将增加农户非正规风险分担行为的发生比,增加社会网络的规模与支持能力有助于平滑农户消费波动。The farmer are facing with the serious livelihood risk in high-cold ecological fragile region,such as natural risk,market risk and policy risk,which has aggravated the farmers ' livelihood vulnerability. Now,clearing the key risk sharing behavior,which the farmers are adopting and distinguishing the factors,which influence the farmers' risk sharing behavior choice,and the effect of the sharing behavior is extremely urgent. We select Gannan plateau located in the east of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as study cases. Through stratified random sampling survey,participatory rural appraisal and investigation of plot,540 households are investigated and sampled. Based on the investigation data,we identify the characteristic of the farmers' social network and informal risk sharing behavior,and analyze the impact of the farmer's social network on their risk sharing behavior choice and the effect of informal risk sharing behavior by multi-logistic model. The result show:( 1) The size of the farmers' social network is limited and its supporting capacity is low,but its tightness degree is high in Gannan plateau;( 2) The informal risk sharing behavior based on the social network is the most important means coping with the livelihood risk,there are 60. 56 percent of the farmer in Gannan plateau asking for help to relatives and friends when they got into the serious livelihood risk,but the risk diversification space of the informal risk sharing behavior is very narrow,most of the risk-sharing person lives the same village or the same township;( 3) Promoting the tightness degree and supporting capability of the farmers' social network will increase the odds of informal risk sharing behavior. Moreover,increasing the size and supporting capability of the farmers ' social network will contribute to smooth consumption. Finally,we present the measures to build the farmers' risk responsive system.

关 键 词：农户 社会网络 风险应对 风险分担行为 消费波动 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F724.6F832.43