被征地农户生计能力变化研究——基于可持续生计框架的改进  

Research on Changes of Livelihood Capabilities of Rural Households Encountered by Land Acquisition: Based on Improvement of Sustainable Livelihood Approach

作　　者：丁士军[1] 张银银[2] 马志雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,武汉430073 [2]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,武汉430073

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2016年第6期25-34,110-111,共10页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:31541411012;31541411013);国家自然科学基金项目"‘土地换保障’背景下失地农户的生计重建:基于可持续生计框架的分析"(编号:71173239);中南财经政法大学研究生创新教育计划(编号:2013B0816)

摘　　要：科学评价农户受到征地外部冲击时生计能力的变化是帮助失地农户改善生计的前提,本研究提出一套基于生计资本测量农户生计能力的方法,并利用该方法评价失地前后农户生计资本变化。研究表明,采用可持续生计框架并利用因子分析及因子综合得分方法,能够解决失地农户生计资本指标选取和权重设置的难题,从水平和结构两维度较好地评价征地前后农户生计资本变化。总体上征地后农户的自然资本显著小于征地前的水平,而物质资本、金融资本则显著大于征地前的水平;征地在直接降低每个农户自然资本的同时,并不必然增加每个农户的物质资本和金融资本,仍有一定比例农户物质资本和金融资本发生下降;征地对农户的社会资本影响不明显,社会资本在考察期内具有稳定性;征地后农户物质资本与人力资本、金融资本和社会资本的紧密性降低,而金融资本与人力资本和社会资本的紧密性提高;农户征地前的生计资本对征地后的生计资本存在正向影响,但各个维度的影响重要性存在差异。Scientific evaluation of livelihood capabilities of farmers to external shocks by changes in land acquisition is the premise to help the landless farmers to improve their livelihoods. The objective of this study is to propose a new method based on the livelihood assets to evaluate the livelihood capability of farmers,and then use it to measure the changes of farmers ' livelihood assets before and after the process of land acquisition. Studies have shown that the use of Sustainable Livelihoods Approach and factor analysis and its factor composite score calculation method,will solve the puzzles of index selection and weights settings,and evaluate the changes of livelihood capability from level and structure well. Empirical research conclusions based on rural households include:(1)natural assets after land acquisition is significantly less than the level before the land acquisition,and physical assets,financial assets is significantly higher than the level before land acquisition;(2) Land acquisition directly reduces households' natural assets,but does not necessarily increase the households' physical and financial assets,which may be due to changes of employment sector bring to frictional unemployment;(3)Social assets in the study periods are stable before and after Land acquisition;(4)Land acquisition reduces tightness between physical assets and human assets,financial assets and social assets,and increase the tightness between financial assets and human and social assets;(5)Livelihood assets before land acquisition have positive impact on the livelihood assets after land acquisition,but their importance is different.

关 键 词：失地农户 征地 生计资本 生计能力 可持续生计 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] F224