“和平之树”观念与北美殖民地时代易洛魁人外交思想初探  

A Study of the Relation between the Concept of ‘Peace Tree’ and Iroquois’ Policy Thought in Colonial North America

作　　者：梁立佳[1] 董小川[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,博士后福州350117 [2]东北师范大学历史文化学院,教授长春130024

出　　处：《世界民族》2016年第3期82-93,共12页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科青年项目"全球史维度下的近代毛皮贸易研究"(项目号:15YJC770017);北华大学博士项目"近代毛皮贸易研究:全球史维度下的近代毛皮贸易研究"(项目号:202115009);"中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"(项目号:11SSXT11)

摘　　要：北美殖民地时期,原住民易洛魁人处理对外关系的思想发生了明显的变化,通过与英属殖民地和新法兰西殖民当局签订的两个和约,尝试一种游离于英、法殖民战争之外的中立政策。这一政策的实践无论对易洛魁部落自身的命运,还是对英、法在北美殖民的历史都产生了重要的影响。易洛魁人中立思想的出现反映出印、白文化接触的历史条件下,印第安人外交思想的日渐成熟。从文化的维度来观察,易洛魁人的外交思想正是其传统文化中调节联盟内部落间关系的互惠性准则与英、法两国的北美殖民政策相互对抗和妥协的产物。In the colonial period of North America, native Iroquois＇ thought relating to foreign affairs transformed obviously. The Iroquois adopted a neutral policy, which kept themselves out of the conflicts between the English and the French, by signing two peace treaties simultaneously with the British colonies and the New France. It is widely believed that the Iroquois ＇ neutral thought affected both the destiny of themselves and the competition between the English and the French in North America. This thought, which reflected the improvement of Indian＇s diplomatic skills, was the result of the conflicts between Iroquois ＇ traditional diplomacy ideas and the colony policies of the English and the French from the perspective of culture.

关 键 词：易洛魁人 链条盟约 和平之树 

分 类 号：D871[政治法律—政治学]