永利露天煤矿排土场不同植被类型下土壤理化性质和酶活性研究  

Study on Soil Enzyme Activities and Physical and Chemical Properties Under Different Vegetation Types in Yongli Opencast Coal Mine

作　　者：肖礼[1] 赵俊峰[1] 黄懿梅[1] 马任甜 方瑛[1] 安韶山[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第4期89-93,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划项目"晋陕蒙能源基地水土保持与受损生态系统重建关键技术与示范"(KZCX2-XB3-13);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171226);教育部新世纪优秀人才(NCET-2-0479)

摘　　要：以鄂尔多斯市准格尔旗永利露天煤矿排土场不同植被类型(苜蓿、沙打旺、沙打旺+油松)土壤为研究对象,以复垦1a土壤为对照(CK),探讨了永利煤矿排土场不同植被类型条件下土壤理化性质和酶活性变化特征,以及两者之间的相关关系,为该区露天煤矿排土场的植被恢复工作提供理论依据。结果表明:矿区复垦对土壤质量有一定的改善,表现为沙打旺>苜蓿>沙打旺+油松>CK,土壤酶活也得到了一定改善。0—10cm土层,沙打旺的有机碳为5.18g/kg,显著高于其他植被恢复措施,沙打旺对于改良土壤有一定的优势;土壤有机碳、全氮、酶活性随着土层深度的加深而降低,土壤酶活性与土壤养分之间存在不同程度的相关性,土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶与土壤容重呈显著正相关关系;不同植被类型间土壤酶活性亦存在显著差异,土壤蔗糖酶表现为沙打旺>苜蓿>沙打旺+油松>CK,沙打旺脲酶显著高于其他植被类型及CK。In order to understand the effects on soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity variation in different vegetation types,three kinds of vegetation types（Medicago sativa,Astragalus adsurgens Pall,Astragalus adsurgens Pall＋ Pinus tabulaeformis Carr）were selected as research samples in Jungar Banner,Erdos.The studies were help understand the relationships between vegetation restoration and soil quality.The results showed that soil physical and chemical properties of different vegetation types had been improved,were characterized by Astragalus adsurgens Pall〉Medicago sativa〉Astragalus adsurgens Pall＋ Pinus tabulaeformis Car〉CK;the soil organic carbon in 0—10cm layer in Astragalus adsurgens Pall community was 5.18g/kg,which was significant higher than other vegetation types;soil organic matter,total nitrogen and enzyme activities under different vegetation types declined with increase of soil depths.There were significant correlations between soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients.Phosphatase and invertase were significantly positively correlated with soil bulk density,suggesting that soil bulk density had significant effects on soil enzyme activities.Soil enzyme activities also significantly differed from different vegetation types,with respect to invertase,Astragalus adsurgens Pall 〉Medicago sativa 〉Astragalus adsurgens Pall＋ Pinus tabulaeformis Car〉CK.The invertase of Astragalus adsurgens Pall was twice higherthan Astragalus adsurgens Pall＋ Pinus tabulaeformis Car,and urease in Astragalus adsurgens Pall soil was significantly higher than other vegetation types.

关 键 词：永利煤矿 植被类型 理化性质 土壤酶活 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]