南京城市杂交马褂木林小气候特征研究  

Microclimate Characteristics of Liriodendron chinense×tulipifera Forest in Nanjing

作　　者：薛雪[1,2] 杨静[3] 郑云峰[4] 张金池[1,2] 庄家尧[1,2] 成举荣 杨丹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学水土保持与生态修复实验室,南京210037 [2]江苏省南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京210037 [3]科学出版社,北京100717 [4]国家林业局华东林业调查规划设计院,杭州310019

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第4期226-232,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170663);江苏省高等学校林学优势学科建设项目(164010641);江苏省研究生科研创新工程项目(KYLX15_0914)

摘　　要：为了研究城市杂交马褂木林的小气候特征,探讨杂交马褂木林对城市环境的影响机制,在南京林业大学选择杂交马褂木林地作为研究对象,以空旷水泥地作为对照,使用Decagon微气象监测系统对其光照、温度、相对湿度等气候因子进行了长期监测,从日、月、年等不同尺度对城市马褂木林的温湿度等气象因子进行了统计分析与比较。结果表明:春、夏、秋季白天马褂木林气温(Ta)低于水泥地,四季夜间林地Ta均略高于水泥地,夏秋两季白天林地相对湿度(RH)高于水泥地,夜间林地RH低于水泥地且相对湿度差较小;水泥地Ta与RH日较差和日均值变异系数均高于林地,4—11月份林地Ta月较差和月变异系数均小于水泥地,6—11月林地RH月变异系数低于水泥地,水泥地RH及Ta的年较差和年变异系数均略高于林地;林地可以将日最高温和最低温出现频率最大的时刻分别推迟2.5h和0.5h;马褂木林气温与相对湿度存在显著的线性关系,且呈现高温低湿、低温高湿的规律。说明,城市马褂木林夏秋两季的白天具有显著的降温增湿作用,在秋冬的夜间具有显著的保温作用,夏季能延缓高温、冬季能够推迟低温,使得温湿度变化更为缓和。并且,温湿度之间能够相互影响,林地的环境因子也能显著影响水泥地的温湿度。This study explored the microclimate characteristics of Liriodendron chinense×tulipiferaforest on air temperature（Ta）and relative humidity（RH）,further explored the effective influence mechanism on the urban environment in Nanjing,which was significant for guiding urban green space planning.Liriodendron chinense×tulipiferaforest in Nanjing Forestry University was selected carefully as experimental sample and the cement ground was selected as control group.The Decagon micro-meteorological monitoring system was used to conduct long-term monitoring on solar radiation,air temperature,relative humidity and other microclimate factors as well.They were recorded every half an hour from March of 2013 to February of 2014.The results showed that the adjusting effects of Liriodendron chinense×tulipiferaforest on air temperature and humidity were different in terms of seasons,the Taof forest land during spring,summer and autumn in the daytime were unexceptionally lower than that of cement ground,as long as they were slightly higher at night than that of cement ground,the RH of forest land during summer and autumn in the daytime were unexceptionally higher than those of the cement ground,while lower at night.However,the daily range and daily variation coefficient of cement ground were higher than those of forest land.The most significant cooling effects showed in summer at 11：00and cooling effects of forest land were less than the cement ground atnight.Secondly,the adjusting effects of urban forest on air temperature and humidity were different in terms of months.From June to September,Taof the forest land and cement ground differed obviously,and daily average temperature was significantly lower than the cement ground.In February,forest land had the best nocturnal warming effect.From July to September,the difference between forest land and cement ground of monthly average RH was much more significantly than any other months.From April to November,monthly Tarange and variation coefficient forest land were lower than

关 键 词：森林气象学 小气候 微气象监测系统 杂交马褂木 城市森林 

分 类 号：S718[农业科学—林学]