基于Fluent仿真的强约束磨粒射流抛光特性  

Machinability of Strongly Constrained Abrasive Jet Polishing Based on Fluent Simulation

作　　者：褚聪[1] 戴勇[1] 沈明[1] 葛满 叶见领 袁巧玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学特种装备制造与先进加工技术教育部重点实验室,杭州310014

出　　处：《表面技术》2016年第6期198-204,共7页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51305399)~~

摘　　要：目的解决传统水射流加工中的法向力冲击损伤、磨粒束发散、加工效率及能量利用效率问题。方法提出一种新型加工方式,即强约束磨粒射流抛光。在水射流加工的喷嘴末端施加一个约束力,使抛光液以较高的速度并以与工件表面相切的方向喷射而出。采用仿真分析与实验探究相结合的方式,以实际加工条件为仿真参数,应用Fluent仿真软件分析了磨粒直径及磨粒浓度对加工的影响,并得到相应的压力曲线。在仿真分析的基础上,实验验证仿真结果的可靠性及实际加工的可行性。结果由仿真结果可知,1500目直径的磨粒相对其他四种直径的磨粒,颗粒对工件表面的压力最大,达到0.185 MPa。当磨粒质量分数为15%时,相对其他三种磨粒浓度,颗粒对工件表面的压力最大,达到0.19 MPa。因而,1500目磨粒、15%的磨粒浓度为加工的最佳理论参数。以仿真结果为参考实验条件,结果表明,在8 h内,工件表面粗糙度下降了239 nm,材料去除率达到6.9 mg/h。结论强约束磨粒射流加工方式可在工件表面形成较高速度的磨粒射流,提高加工效率。在短时间内工件表面粗糙度的改善及工件质量的下降,证明了此加工方式的有效性。Objective To solve the problems in traditional waterjet processing such as the impact damage by wears force, the divergency of abrasive jet, the machining efficiency and utilization efficiency of energy. Methods A new method, constrained abrasive jet polishing, was brought forward. A constrain was applied at the end of the nozzle, enabling injection of po-lishing solution at relatively high speed in the direction tangential to the surface of the workpiece. Along with the experiment, the actual processing conditions were selected as the simulation parameters, and a Fluent software was applied to analyze the effects of diameter and concentration of abrasive on the processing. After simulation, the corresponding pressure curve was gained. And in the basic of simulation, the experiment proved the reliability of simulation and the feasibility of processing. Results The results showed that the abrasive of 10 ？m in diameter had the largest pressure on the workpiece among the five diameters, reaching up to 0.185 MPa, and the abrasive with 15% mass fraction had the largest pressure on the workpiece among the four concentrations, reaching up to 0.19 MPa. Therefore, the best processing parameters for abrasive were 10 ？m in diameter and 15% concentration. Within 8 hours, the roughness of workpiece presented a decline of up to 239 nm, and the material removal rate was 6.9 mg/h. Conclusion The method of constrained abrasive jet polishing, which could lead to high speed of abrasive jet on the surface of workpiece, improved the efficiency of processing. On the other hand, the decline of the roughness on the workpiece surface and the weight loss of the workpiece proved that this method had a good effect.

关 键 词：强约束 水射流 抛光 仿真 FLUENT 光学玻璃 

分 类 号：TG580.692[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]