新疆Kiyik废弃古河道天然胡杨林地可培养细菌的多样性研究  

Cultivable Bacterial Diversity in Natural Populus euphratica Forest Soils at the Dried- up,Ancient Kiyik River,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：吐尔逊阿依.麦麦提依明 玛依古丽.库尔班 马丽艳木.阿木东 米尔班古丽.阿卜杜如苏力 努斯热提古丽.安外尔 艾克拜尔.木哈塔尔 祖丽皮亚.玉努斯[1] 艾尔肯.热合曼 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第5期921-934,共14页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1203101);国家自然科学基金项目(31060002);新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(201091236)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究新疆塔里木河中游的Kiyik废弃古河道天然胡杨林地可培养细菌群落结构和多样性。【方法】从Kiyik废弃古河道胡杨林两个采样点(采样点I,采样点II)采集样品,采用LB、TSA和YPG等3种不同培养基分离纯化细菌,并对它们进行16 S r DNA测定和系统进化分析。【结果】108株菌来自于采样点I,85株菌来自于采样点II,共分离纯化了不同表型的193株菌。16 S r DNA序列分析结果表明193株菌分别属于5个大类群:厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)占59.6%,γ-变形菌纲(Gamma-proteobacteria)占29.5%,放线菌门(Actinobacteria)占7.3%,β-变形菌纲(Beta-proteobacteria)占2.6%,α-变形菌纲(Alpha-proteobacteria)占1.6%,26个属,62个种。其中有34株菌的16 S r DNA相似率﹤98.0%,分别属于11个属的25个物种,是胡杨林本源的潜在新菌种。假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas,34.3%)是采样点I中分离到的优势细菌属,而采样点II的优势细菌属为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus,54.1%)。芽孢杆菌属和微杆菌属(Microbacterium)是两个采样点共有的属,在物种水平上仅有芽孢杆菌属的4个物种为两个采样点共有,而其他菌种仅发现于单个样点。【结论】在两个采样位点中分离到的可培养细菌具有较高的多样性,两个样点菌种分布的差异极显著。存在的潜在新细菌菌种资源较丰富,具有进一步发掘的潜力。【Objective】In order to understand the diversity and composition of forest soil bacterial communities from two different sites of ancient Kiyik River at the middle reaches of the Tarim River,Xinjiang,China. 【Method】Bacterial strains were isolated from the soil in two different sites（ site I and site II） of Populus euphratica forest by three different types of culture media（ LB,TSA,and YPG）. They were examined by using 16 S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. 【Result】The 108 strains were isolated from the sample site I,and the 85 strains were isolated from the sample site II,a total of 193 bacteria with different colony characteristics were isolated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S r DNA gene sequence demonstrated that the 193 isolates belonged to Firmicutes（ 59. 6%）,Gamma- proteobacteria（ 29. 5%）,Actinobacteria（ 7. 3%）,Beta-proteobacteria（ 2. 6%） and Alpha- proteobacteria（ 1. 6%）,encompassing 26 genera and 62 species. Of those isolates,the 16 S r DNA gene sequences of 34 strains were ﹤ 98% and similar to 25 species within 11 genera that could be represented as potentially novel indigenous. The most common genus at site I was Pseudomonas（ 34. 3%）,while the most common genus at site II was Bacillus（ 54. 1%）. Bacillus and Microbacterium species were found at both sampling sites. At the species level,only four species were common for two sampling sites which belonged to the Bacillus. Whereas the rest isolates were found at only a single site. There were significant differences at distribution of strains from two sample sites.【Conclusion】The population diversity of cultivable bacteria varies widely in the study area and there were clear differences between the bacterial communities at the two sites sampled. There was abundant resource of potential novel species in this study,which has the potential for further research.

关 键 词：Kiyik河 胡杨林 可培养细菌 16S r DNA 细菌多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]