白令海和楚科奇海陆架区的生源物质埋藏通量研究  

BURIAL FLUXES OF BIOGENIC MATERIALS IN THE BERING SEA AND CHUKCHI SEA

作　　者：林武辉[1,2,3,4,5] 陈立奇[2,3] 余雯[1,2] 马豪[4,5] 曾志[4,5] 曾实[4] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局海洋放射性技术与环境安全评估实验室,福建厦门361005 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [3]国家海洋局海洋大气化学与全球变化重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [4]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084 [5]清华大学粒子技术与辐射成像教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《极地研究》2016年第2期194-202,共9页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：中国极地科学战略研究基金项目(20120316);国家海洋局"南北极环境综合考察与评估"专项(CHINARE 2012-2015;01-04-02;01-02-01;03-04-02);国家海洋局极地考察办公室对外合作支持项目(IC201201;IC201308;IC201513)资助;国家自然科学基金重点项目(41230529);国家自然科学基金项目(41476172);国家863项目极区大气环境遥感监测技术(2008AA121703)

摘　　要：楚科奇海和白令海通过白令海峡相连,是气候变化研究的关键区域。利用210Pb过剩法开展两个海域沉积过程和生源物质的埋藏通量研究。研究发现,白令海陆架区沉积柱样(NB22)受到生物扰动影响,楚科奇海沉积物柱样(R17)所受生物扰动很小。通过建立模型,获得楚科奇海陆架区的沉积速率为0.6±0.1 mm·a^(-1),白令海陆架区的沉积速率为2.1±0.7 mm·a^(-1)。忽略沉积过程,白令海陆架区由生物扰动引起的混合因子为1.38±0.92 cm2·a^(-1);考虑沉积过程,则混合因子为0.65±0.95 cm2·a^(-1)。白令海的有机碳、生源硅、Ca CO3的埋藏通量分别为:6.85 mmol C·m-2·d-1、37.7 mmol Si·m-2·d-1、3.15 mmol C·m-2·d-1;楚科奇海的有机碳、生源硅、Ca CO3的埋藏通量分别为:5.71 mmol C·m-2·d-1、9.78 mmol Si·m-2·d-1、3.08 mmol C·m-2·d-1。楚科奇海陆架区具有高效的垂直输运的海洋生物泵,白令海陆架区海洋生物泵可能存在较强的水平输运过程。海洋沉积物中210Pb信号不仅可以定量沉积速率和埋藏通量,也在一定程度上反映海洋底栖生物的扰动强度。Both of the Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea, which are linked through Bering Strait, are key regions to study climate change. A comparative study of sedimentary process between the Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea was conducted via excess 210pb. The result from station NB22 in the Bering Sea indicated the impact of benthic fauna, while the biological activity in the benthic environment at station R17 in the Chukchi Sea was limited. The sediment accumulation rates at station R17 and station NB22 were 0.6 ±0.1 mm · a-1 and 2.1±0.07 mm· a-1, respectively. The particle mixing coefficients due to benthic fauna at station NB22 were 1.38 ±0.92 cm2 · a-1 without considering sediment process and 0.65 ± 0.95 cm2 · a-1 with considering sediment process. The burial fluxes of organic carbon, biogenic opal, and CaCO3 in the Bering Sea were 6.85 mmol C · m-2 · d-1, 37.7 mmol Si · m-2 · d-1, and 3.15 mmol C · m-2 · d-1, respectively. Those fluxes in the Chukchi Sea were 5.71 mmol C · m-2 · d-1, 9.78 mmol Si · m-2 · d-1, and 3.08 mmol C · m-2 · d-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the Chukchi Sea is characterized by high efficiency of vertical marine biological pump. The lateral transport of marine biological pump may be significant in the shelf of Bering Sea. Therefore, the 210Pb in the marine sediment could be applied not only to quantify sediment accumulation rate and burial fluxes for biogenic materials but also to indicate intensity of biological activity in benthic environment.

关 键 词：生源物质 埋藏通量 沉积速率 混合因子 210Pb 

分 类 号：P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质]